Ring flange design

Figure 13.28. Flange ring designs (a) Rolled-angle (b) Single plate with gusset (c) Double plate with gusset...

Again, the thermal ageing sets contain 30 containers in five floors and are located in the upper part of the reactor in front of head flange ring. Such a design solves the problem of high lead factor (as in WWER-440), but results in several new ones, principally ... 

The hairpin heat exchanger, unhke the removable bundle TEMA styles, is designed for bundle insertion and removal from the return end rather than the tubesheet end. This is accomplished by means of removable spht rings which shde into grooves machined around the outside of each tubesheet and lock the tubesheets to the external closure flanges. This provides a distinct advantage in maintenance since bundle removal... 

NOTE Corrugation of self-supporting furnaces (as found in some SM boiler designs) is one method of resisting the compressive forces in FT boilers. Rings, flanges, and stays are also used. 

Clamp-ring (split-flange design) floating-head type 1 shell pass, 2 tube passes Area of heat-transfer surface 19.5m2 Shell -762 mm (30 in.)o.d. 

Flat gasket seals must be preloaded with a force equivalent to the force that will be exerted by the pressure within the vessel. A flanged bolt closure or split ring bolt closure design can be used to achieve this preload. Closure bolts should be evenly tightened to a specified torque that will provide the proper closing force. 

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