Flame chemiluminescence

Vol. 129. Flame Chemiluminescence Analysis by Molecular Emission Cavity Detection. Edited by David Stiles, Anthony Calokerinos, and Alan Townshend... 

Aleifres, P.G., Y. Hardalupas, A.M.K.P. Taylor, K. Ishii, and Y. Urata, Flame chemiluminescence studies of cyclic combustion variations and air-to-fuel ratio of the reacting mixture in a lean-bum stratified-charge spark-ignition engine. Combustion and Flame, 136 72-90, 2004. 

Electroanalytlcal Stripping Methods. By Khjena Z. Brainina and E. Neyman Air Monitoring by Spectroscopic Techniques. Edited by Markus W. Sigrist Information Theory in Analytical Chemistry. By Karel Eckschlager and Klaus Danzer Flame Chemiluminescence Analysis by Molecular Emission Cavity Detection. Edited by... 

Chromatographic methods have included development of element-specific atomic emission, flame photometric, and flame chemiluminescent detectors. For example, a flame chemiluminescent phosphorus detector has been suggested for... 

Vol. 129. Flame Chemiluminescence Analysis by Molecular Emission Cavity Detection. 

When sulfur and phosphorus compounds are burned in an FDD-type flame, chemiluminescent species are produced that produce light at 393 nm (sulfur) and 526 nm (phosphorous). An optical interference filter passes the appropriate light to a photomultiplier tube, a sensitive photon detector. These detectors are known as flame photometric detectors (FPD).. ... 

In the early 1990s Amirav et al. introduced a new strategy for the operation of FPD based on a pulsed flame instead of a continuous flame for the generation of flame chemiluminescence. This pulsed flame photometric detector (PFPD) is characterized by the additional dimension of a light emission time and the ability to separate in time the emission of sulfur species from those of carbon and phosphorus, resulting in considerable enhancement of detection selectivity. In addition, detection sensitivity is markedly improved, thanks to ... 

The most well-known flame chemiluminescence reactions are for sulfur and phosphorus detection. These form the basis of flame photometric detectors used in gas chromatography. When sulfur compounds are pyrolyzed in a hydrogen-rich flame, excited diatomic sulfur is formed as illustrated in... 

Molecular emission cavity analysis (MECA) is a flame chemiluminescence technique based on the generation of excited molecules, radicals, or atoms within a hydrogen diffusion flame. The excited species are formed by direct or indirect chemiluminescence mechanisms and are confined within the inner space of a small cavity, which is positioned at a preselected point of the flame environment. The emission is monitored at the characteristic wavelength of... 

The generation of excited disulfur molecules by flame chemiluminescence provides an extremely sensitive way for the determination of sulfur compounds. The chemiluminogenic reactions are ... 

Figure 3 Sa emission spectrum from carbon disulfide vapors introduced into a water-cooled cavity into which cooling water is supplied at (A) low and (B) high flow rate, showing the effect of the Salet phenomenon on the emission (C flame background emission). (Reproduced from Stiles DA, Calokerinos AC, and Townshend A (1994) Flame Chemiluminescence Analysis by Molecular Emission Cavity Detection. New York Wiley.)...

Since the discovery of MECA, the advantages and disadvantages of flame chemiluminescence have been... 

Here, the emission occurs in the blue with maxima at 384 and 394 nm. The chemiluminescent intensity is proportional to the concentration of the excited sulfur dimer. Similarly, combustion of phosphorus compounds in a hydrogen flame gives emission due to HPO at, 526 nm. Linear working curves over four decades of concentration are reported. Both of these flame chemiluminescence techniques have been employed for detection of sulfur and phosphorus species in the effluent from gas chromatographic columns. 

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