Fixed site carrier membrane

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Barboiu M, Luca C, Popescu G, Cot L, Guizard C, Hovnanian N, Barboiu C. Facilitated transport of L-amino-acids II. Transport of L-Phenylalanine by macrocyclic fixed-site carrier membranes. Preliminary report. Roum. Biotech. Lett. 1996 1 87-97. 

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Lacan, R, Guizard, C., Legall, R, Wettling, D., and Cot, L. 1995. Facilitated transport of ions through fixed-site carrier membranes derived from hybrid organic-inorganic materials. Journal of Membrane Science 100 99—109. 

Kusakabe K., Shibao F., Zhao G., Sotowa K.-L, Watanabe K., Saito T. Surface modification of silica membranes in a tubular type module. J. Membr. Sci. 2003 215 321-326 Lacan P., Guizard C., Le Gall P., Wettling D., Cot L. Facilitated transport of ions through fixed-site carrier membranes derived from hybrid organic-inorganic materials. J. Membr. Sci. 1995 100 99-109... 

Second, other types of membrane separation processes can also be proposed for the CO2/N2 separation step, in order to play the same role as the absorption process. In that case, it is absolutely necessary to carefully estimate the operating costs (OPEX) and capital costs (CAPEX) of the operation, so that an overall CO2 capture cost (in euros or per ton of recovered CO2) can be precisely estimated. This data will obviously be of utmost importance in order to evaluate the chances of the membrane process to possibly compete with the standard capture process. A CO2/N2 separation efficiency is clearly needed in that case. Depending on the membrane material, this characteristic can be obtained based on a physical mechanism (solution-diffusion in a dense polymer, for instance, which corresponds to a classical membrane gas separation operation ), or a chemical reaction in a polymeric matrix based on fixed sites (so-called fixed site carrier membranes ) or with membranes making use of a mobile selective carrier (liquid membranes ). 

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