Fillers forecasting

Titanium Tetrachloride. The major use for titanium tetrachloride [7550 5-0] is in titanium dioxide production, and titanium dioxide [13463-67-7] is enjoying strong growth for use as a filler in pulp and paper manufacture and as a pigment in paint and plastic manufacture. Annual growth for this product is forecasted at between 2.5 and 3.0% through 1992. 

At the optimum point corresponding to the maximum packing fraction, e1 = e11, since the porosity value at this point does not depend on whether fine or coarse particles form the mixture skeleton. The Equation (90) permit calculation of the porosity values for a mixture of fractions of any composition. A similar procedure can be used for calculating the porosity of mixtures of three or more fractions. A laboratory check of these Equations (90) confirmed good agreement between the calculation forecast and the experimental determination of porosity coefficients and wide variety of combinations of narrow filler fractions. 

We should also mention the study [73] in which the authors divide the total heat conductivity of the compositional material by three components — by the cluster of intercontacting filler particles, by the disperse medium and by the border medium-filler . Such an approach is more physical . The authors forecast followed [75] the inflection of a curve ((p) of

[Pg.19]

The relationship between logarithmised dynamic viscosity and increasing filler concentration may be regarded as being— with sufficient accuracy for practical purposes—linear. This means that equation (11.5) which describes a linear relationship, can be used for calculations intended to permit forecasts about viscosity. 

Conductive fillers of various kinds will be in greater demand in the near futme, for interconnect applications in mobile phones and automotive electronics. Freedonia has forecast a 5.9% growth rate for conducting plastics in the US. 

The chemical composition of fillers, which is usually supplied by the producer as relevant information, is not sufficient for their characterization. Further physical, mostly particle characteristics are needed to forecast their performance in a composite for any application [3, 4]. 

While the volume of additives worldwide increased by 6% from 1996 to 1998, value actually fell, by 1%, due to the Asian crisis. Trying to find some common ground between the best forecasts, it appears that the world additives market amounts to about 7.8 million tonnes, valued at about US 16 billion and is growing overall at about 3.5-4% per year. Fillers account for an estimated 50% by volume but in value they make up only 15% - and here lies the stimulus for much current development. 

Neither equation contains any terms that tell us anything about the interactions between fillers (dispersed phase) and matrix. They have not proved their value in forecasting the viscosity of filled systems and polymer blends. For calculations on polymer blends used as phonograph record molding compounds, we analyzed on the basis of systematic studies the influence of... 

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