Field emission-scanning electron microscopy FE-SEM

The morphology of silver nanopartilces on the cotton surface and paint samples was observed by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM JSM-6700F, JEOL, Japan). The size and shape of the nanoparticles in solution were determined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (LEO-912-OMEGA, Carl Zeiss, Germany). 

Figure 38.3 shows field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images of Ni/NiO nanoparticles prepared at different pressures and carrier gas flow rates. It was found that the particle size generally increased as the residence time increased. With an identical residence time, 40 Torr, there was a total carrier gas flow rate of 1 L/min, while at 80 Torr the total carrier gas flow rate was 2 L/min. However, particles formed in the latter case were bigger. Carrier gas flow rate also played a role in controlling particle size, as shown by the difference in particle size at the same pressure but with a different carrier gas flow rate. The effect of pressure played a more important role than the residence time (Fig. 38.3a, d). 

Figure 9.1 Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) image of the fracture section of HCP-DVB-VBC with an increase in DVB content, with 0%, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5% and 10% DVB before (a, scale 200 nm) and after (b, scale 100 nm) the hyper-crosslinking reaction.

This result was unprecedented, because normal dehydration between the components in toluene/10% methanol under reflux in a Dean-Stark apparatus provided no nueleation. The average diameter of the submicrospheres was estimated to be 870 100 nm, based on field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images of 1000 particles. Spectroscopic analysis using... 

In particular, it was verified that these fluorinated calcium carbonate nanocomposites are applicable to the dispersion above PMMA film surface. Interestingly, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) images of the cross-section of the modified PMMA films showed that calcium carbonate particles dispersed into these PMMA films could be arranged regularly above the modified film surface (see Figures 4.12 and 4.13) [93]. 

Figure 7.6 Thermogravimetric analysis of pure PU (a) and metalized hybrid PU nanofibers with diflferent copper layers of 10 (b), 50 (c), and 100 nm (d). A heating rate of 208C/min was placed to samples in a nitrogen environment. The inset shows field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) image at higher magnification of metalized hybrid nanofiber with the copper layer of 100 nm. Reprint with permission of Willey [144],...

The morphology of the nanocomposites was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, FEI XL30s) with an accelerating voltage of 5 kV. The samples were sputter coated with gold prior to SEM observation. 

SECCM probes are fabricated from either borosilicate or quartz double-barrel pipettes, pulled to a sharp point in a laser puller (typically a P-2000 from Sutter Instruments). The size of the probe can be controlled by adjusting the pulling parameters, with probes between 100 nm and tens of microns across at the tip end fabricated easily and quickly. A field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) image of a typical (relatively large) SECCM probe is shown in Figure 19.2a. The pulling parameters differ between laser pullers, but for a typical 500 nm borosilicate probe on a P-2000 laser puller, the parameters are as follows line 1 heat=600, filament=4, velocity=30, delay= 150. pull=20 line 2 heat=500, filament=4, velocity=30, delay=150. pull=60 line 3 heat=500, filament=3, velocity=30, delay = 135. pull=60. 

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