Fibrotic process, development

When the rheumatoid pulmonary nodules appear in patients with pneumoconiosis, a diffuse nodular fibrotic process, called Caplan s syndrome, may develop. 

Processed human umbilical veins are processed within 48 h of delivery according to a procedure developed by Dardik et oL A mandrel is insert into the lumen so as to straighten the vein which has no branches and to eliminate any constrictions formed between the Hoboken nodes. It is then fixed in either glutaraldehyde or a starch dialdehyde. Sometimes an external synthetic knitted mesh is added like a sleeve to reinforce the wall and provoke greater fibrotic tissue proliferation.The durability of the processed human umbilical vein has proven to be less than optimal lipid uptake and bacteremic colonization are typical postoperative complications. ... 

Churg 1998), a form of pneumoconiosis that was believed to produce major functional impairment. For this reason, dusts producing only macules were originally considered to be inert. However, more recent studies have shown that, although macules may initially have little associated fibrosis, with time and/or continued dust accumulation, considerable fibrosis may occur and that, with sufficient exposure, no dust is truly inert. Many dusts that produce macules can also cause fibrosis of the walls of the small airways, presumably as a reaction to the dust accumulating in and around the airways, and the airways may become so distorted and fibrotic as to be almost unrecognizable (Fig. 2.1.2). In addition, enlarged airspaces frequently develop around the fibrotic small airways (Fig. 2.1.2), a process termed focal emphysema. 

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