Ferula Narthex

Ferula narthex Garcinia pedunculata Piper longum Piper nigrum Piper retrofractum Plumbago zeylanica Semicarpus anacardium Trachyspermum ammi Zingiber officinalis... 

The Mm resin of certain species of Ferula, chiefly, in all probability, Ferula Narthex, and Ferula scorodosma, both perennial herbs, indigenous to Turkestan, Bokhara, Western Afghanistan, and Cashmii, yields, when distilled with water, about 3 to 20 per cent, of a somewhat foul-smelling oil. The oil has the following characters... 

The discoveries of the isomeric dihydric phenols were as old as that of phenol itself. Catechol,(1,2-benzenediol, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, o-dihydroxybenzene) was first obtained in 1839 essentially from the dry distillation of tannin. Resorcinol (1,3-dihydroxybenzene), was isolated in 1864 from the alkaline fusion of galbanum, and of asafoetida, resins, repectively from Iranian species of Ferula and Narthex asafoetida. In 1820 hydroquinone was recovered from the dry distillation of quinic acid although it was not investigated structurally until 1844 by Wohler. 

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