Femoral trochlea

The membranes were tested through a lateral parapatellar skin incision 5-7 cm, followed by incisiOTi of the retinaculum and articular capsule, until the exposure of the knee joint. With the limb in extension the patella was displaced by promoting the exposure of the femoral trochlea (Fig. 21.22a) (lamaguti et al. 2008). 

Fig. 5.34a-g. Calcium pyrophosphate deposition disease, a-c Transverse 12-5 MHz US images obtained over a the femoral trochlea, b the posterior aspect of the medial condyle and c the lateral meniscus in a patient with bilateral degenerative osteoarthritis of the knee reveal scattered hyperechoic foci (arrowheads) due to crystal deposition within the hyaline cartilage, the medial meniscus and the joint capsule (arrows). F, femur T, tibia. Note that crystals tend to be deposited in the middle layer of the cartilage, parallel to the subchondral bone, d-f Radiographic correlation, g Schematic drawing illustrates the typical deposition pattern of pyrophosphate crystals within the cartilage... 

Fig. 14.2a,b. Patella, a Posterior view of the patella reveals its posterior surface divided into medial (mf) and lateral (If) articular facets by a vertical ridge (arrows), b Longitudinal 12-5MHz US image over the patella (P) in a newborn. The immature bone is entirely cartilaginous and appears homogeneously hypoechoic at US. For that reason, its overall shape and the appearance of the underlying femoral trochlea can be nicely depicted. Note the attachments of the quadriceps (Qt) and the patellar (Pt) tendons... 

The patellofemoral joint is formed by the groove of the femoral trochlea and the V-shaped articular facet of the patella (Fig. 14.2a). The orientation of the articular surfaces of these bones varies from... 

Relevant anatomic structures in the suprapatellar region that are amenable to US examination are the quadriceps tendon, the suprapatellar synovial recess, the suprapatellar fat pad, the prefemoral fat, the distal femoral metaphysis and the trochlea. Longitudinal US images obtained in the midline with the probe placed with its distal edge on the patella are... 

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