Falco tinnunculus

FIGURE 23.3 Effects of dietary supplementation with carotenoids on (a) serum carotenoid concentrations, (b) serum concentrations of ROMs, and (c) serum antioxidant capacity (OXY), in nestling European kestrels (Falco tinnunculus). Open circles are nonsupplemented controls, and closed circles are carotenoid-supplemented birds. Means SE are shown. Means that are significantly different are denoted by asterisks CP<0.05 "Pc0.01 mmP<0.001). 

Casagrande, S., Csermely, D., Pini, E., Bertacche, V., and Tagliavini, J. 2006. Skin carotenoid concentration correlates with male hunting skill and territory quality in the kestrel (Falco tinnunculus). J. Avian Biol. 37 190-196. 

Costantini, D., Casagrande, S., De Filippis, S., Brambilla, G., Fanfani, A., Tagliavini, J., and Dell Omo, G. 2006. Correlates of oxidative stress in wild kestrel nestlings (Falco tinnunculus). J. Comp. Physiol. B 176 329-337. 

Cadmium biomagnifies in terrestrial food chains and tends to accumulate in liver and kidneys of older apex organisms (Scheuhammer 1987). This process was documented in the chain of soil to vegetation to invertebrates to upper trophic level consumers, including roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), bam owls (Tyto alba), weasels (Mystela nivalis), and kestrels (Falco tinnunculus Gorree... 

In ultraviolet light (320-400 nm) birds can see, rather than smell, urine and feces on vole trails. In the laboratory, kestrels, Falco tinnunculus, spent more time near ultraviolet-illuminated, artificial urine- and feces-soaked trails of voles. Micro tus agrcstis, than near such trails in visible light, and clean trails under both... 

Lyrurus partium Kretzoi Coturnix cf. coturnix Linne Surnia robusta Janossy Athene noctua cf. lunellensis Chauvire Falco tinnunculus atavus Janossy Falco cf. vespertinus Linne Ficus cf. viridis Linne Dendrocopus submajor Jdnossy Galerida cf. cristata Linne Hirundo cf. rustica Linne Passeriformes indet. 

American kestrel, Falco sparverius, 359, 398, 506, 580, 632, 636,752 Australian kestrel, Falco cenchroides, 800 Falco tinnunculus, 85,446 JQte... 

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