Factorization of Molecular Lipophilicity

As a ratio of two concentrations at saturation, the partition coefficient (log P) is the net result of all intermolecular forces involving a solute and the two phases between which it partitions. Thus, when the solute elicits interactions of a given type (e.g., H-bond donation) that compensate each other in the two solvents, log P will contain no information about these interactions. 

One highly informative interpretation of lipophilicity is based on the factorization of log P into the so-called solvatochromic parameters. -  

In addition to it , a, and p, analyses of this type require a parameter to assess the solute s capacity to sense nonpolar interactions. A steric parameter such as the molar or molecular volume (V) is able to account satisfactorily for these interactions.32  

the octanol/water and the heptane/water partition coefficients can be expressed as follows  

Included in all equations of this chapter are the 95% confidence intervals or the standard errors associated with each coefficient and intercept of the regression equations (inside the parentheses), the squared correlation coefficient, s the standard deviation, and F the Fischer test of significance (if these statistics are available in the original papers). 

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