Fabrication techniques of nanostructured metals and alloys

Manufacture of nanostructured or nanograined metals and alloys mainly relies on two categories of approaches, one for producing fine powders (i.e particulates) and the other for bulk materials. To date, numerous fabrication and synthesis methods of nanostructured metals in both particulate and bulk forms have been developed, but many of them are still distant from industrial-scale production. This section focuses on the fabrication and processing techniques that have high potential for industrial manufacture. 

Nanotechnology-Enhanced Orthopedic Materials. http //dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-85709-844-3.00002-l 

As introduced in Chapter 1, a number of wet-chemical, bottom-up synthesis techniques are effective in producing metallic or aUoy nanoparticles. The representatives of 

Ag nanocubes, (b) nano-Au truncated tetrahedrons, (c) Pt nanocubes, and (d) Au/Ag/Pd aUoy nanocages. 

SPD techniques like ECAP share several advantages including high potential for scaling up, high reproducibility, and notable effectiveness in producing nanostructured bulk materials from ductile metals and alloys of initially low to moderate strengths. 

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