F Phenols

Since cross-linking occurs via an addition mechanism across the double bonds in the polyesters and the reactive diluent there are no volatiles given off during cure (c.f. phenolic and amino-resins) and it is thus possible to cure without pressure (see Figure 25.1). Since room temperature cures are also possible the resins are most useful in the manufacture of large structures such as boats and car bodies. 

For the production of wood-based panels various adhesives are in use like aminoplastic resins (UF, MU(P)F), phenolic resins (PF) or isocyanate (PMDI). The proper choice of the adhesive depends on the required properties of the wood-based panels, on the working conditions during the production as well as often on the costs for the adhesive system this not only means the net price of the adhesive but the overall costs of the gluing system including glue spread factor. 

Somers, T.C. and Pocock, K.F., Phenolic assessment of white musts varietal differences in free-run juices and pressings. Vitis 30, 189, 1991. 

Bis-[pentafluoro-phenyl]-hexa-lluoro- E10b2. 142 (Educt) 2-Bronio-6-chloro-5-oxo-l. 3,4,6-tetrafluoro- F.10b2, 42 (4-Br-F,-phenol/Cl2)... 

Fig. 10. Multiple derivatization of purines including palladium-catalyzed reaction at the poorly reactive C2 position, (a) NaBH(OAc)3, 1% HOAc, THF (b) 59 (0.5 equiv.), 2,6-dichloropurine (1 equiv.), DIEA (1.5 equiv.), BuOH 80° (c) R2OH, PPh3, DiAD (1.5 2 1.3) in excess, THF, RT (d) boronic acids (5 equiv.), 7% Pd2(dba)3, 14% carbene ligand, Cs2C03 (6 equiv.), 1,4-dioxane, 90°, 12 h (e) anilines (5 equiv.), 7% Pd2(dba)3, 14% carbene ligand, KO Bu (6 equiv.), 1,4-dioxane, 90°, 12 h (f) phenols (5 equiv.), 7% Pd2(dba)3, 28% phosphine ligand, K3P04 (7 equiv.), toluene, 90°, 12 h (g) primary or secondary amines (5 equiv.), 90°, 12 h.

FIGURE 2.32 Significant oxygen surface groups on a carbon surface (a) carboxyl, (b) lactone, (c) carbonyl, (d) ether, (e) pyrone, (f) phenol, and (g) carboxyl anhydride. 

Problem 19.11 Assign numbers from 1 for LEAST to 4 for MOST to indicate the relative acid strengths in the following groups (a) phenol, m-chlorophenol, w-nitrophenol, m-cresol (b) phenol, benzoic acid, p-nitrophenol, carbonic acid (c) phenol, p-chlorophenol, p-nitrophenol, p-cresol (d) phenol, o-nitrophenol, w-nitrophenol, p-nitrophenol (e) phenol, /z-chlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol (f) phenol, benzyl alcohol, benzenesulfonic acid, benzoic acid. 

In single rotor molecules such as toluene, phenol or F-phenols [31-32] where the NRG s coincide with some symmetry point groups, the deduction of the selection rules are straightformard. In double rotor molecules, this deduction is not so easy [22]. Let us consider again the acetone case to illustrate this application of the NRG s [58,59]. 

Figure 10.3 Effect of density on thermal conductivity of rigid cellular polymers. A, polystyrene [25] B, polystyrene [37] C, polyurethane-air [37] D, polyurethane-CFC 11 (CCI3F) [70] E, polyurethane [37] F, phenol-formaldehyde [37] G, ebonite [37]. To convert kg/m3 to Ib/ft3, multiply by 0.0624. Reproduced from F. O. Guenther, SPE Transactions, 2, 243 (1962), with permission from the society of Plastics Engineers, Brookfield, Connecticut, USA...

Values of adsorption capacity of granular carbons (Tab. 3) were determined in static conditions by means of FIBDM — indicator [11] (F — phenol, molecule size - 5 A, I - iodine - 10 A, B - methylene blue - 15 X, D - sodium laurylosulphate - 19 A, and M - molasses — 28 A). These values may be used for evaluation of powdered carbons and for determination of portions of adsorbents for phenol and surfactant adsorption for practical application. 

The manufacturing conditions and the properties of resol are the most important factors in controlling the final properties f phenolic foams. For this reason all manufacturers have their own highly developed procedures regarding manufacturing conditions. 

Winterization is the provision of design features, procedures, or systems for air-cooled heat exchangers to avoid process-fluid operating problems resulting from low-temperature inlet air. These include fluid freezing, pour point, wax formation, hydrate formation, laminar flow, and condensation at the dew point (which may initiate corrosion). Freezing points for some commonly encountered fluids in refinery service include benzene, 5.6°C (42°F) p-xylene 15.5°C (55.9°F) cyclohexane, 6.6°C (43.8°F) phenol, 40.9°C (105.6°F) monoethanolamine, 10.3°C (50.5°F) and diethanolamine, 25.1°C (77.2°F). Water solutions... 

Dimethylethyl)-4-methoxyphenol Anisole, butylated hydroxy- Antioxyne B Antrancine 12 BHA BOA (antioxidant) Butyl hydroxyanisole Butylated hydroxyanisole Butylhydroxyanisole 2-terc.Butyl-4-methoxyifenol 2(3)-t-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole 3-t-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole t-Butyl hydroxyanisole tert-Butyl-4-hydroxyanisole Butylohydroksyanizol CCRIS 102 EEC No, E320 EINECS 246-563-8 Embanox FEMA No. 2183 HSDB 3913 Nepantiox 1-F Nipantiox 1-F Phenol, 1,1-dimethylethyl)-4-methoxy- Phenol, tert-butyl-4-methoxy- Protex Sustane 1-F Tenox BHA. Mixture of isomers of t-butyl-substituted 4-methoxyphenols antioxidant and preservative for foods mp = 48-55 bp 33 = 264-270 insoluble in H2O, soluble in organic solvents LDm (rat orl) = 2200 mg/kg. Eastman Cham. Co. Mpa Penta Mfg. UOP. 

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