Extrapolation from individual carcinogens to mixtures

The assessment of cancer risk associated with simultaneous or 

In this modeUng approach, the kinetics of mixture components is simulated using a single set of physiological charactraistics and multiple sets of chemical-specific parameters. Binary connections between mixture components arc established within the model on the basis of intraaction mechanism(s). Thus, for example, once 

Similarly, for carcinogens with slope factor, risk assessment of chemicals in mixtures would involve (Haddad et al. 2001a)  

In essence then, the PBPK modehng approach improves upon the dose addition and response-addition methods apphed to carcinogenic chemical mixtures on the basis of data on the tissue dose of chemicals in mixtures, as well as the magnitude of pharmacokinetic interactions. 

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