Extraction processes decantation

Experimental data, or predictions, that give the distribution of components between the two solvent phases, are needed for the design of liquid-liquid extraction processes and mutual solubility limits will be needed for the design of decanters, and other liquid-liquid separators. 

In scaled-up experiments, the phase separation of the desired product in either solid or liquid form from the aqueous media facilitated product purification by simple filtration or decantation instead of by column chromatography, distillation, or extraction processes, thus reducing the use of... 

When the solvent is not miscible with water, such as hexane or ethyl acetate, water is easily removed from the solvent by decantation. In most instances, the decanted solvent can be directly reused in extraction. The decanted solvent will contain little dissolved solids, as this solvent stream would have been condensed from thermal processes. 

New Juice Extraction Process by Means of Decanter Centrifuges... 

Sego and colleagues (68-72) set up a laboratory that continues to investigate the freeze-thaw process. Recent work shows that the amount of thaw strain volume reduction in the thawed material, after free water is decanted, is related to the extraction process chemistry that produced the fine tailings and subsequent chemical treatment of the fine tailings. 

The aqueous beryllium sulfate is separated from the solids by counter-current decantation thickener operations. A beryllium concentrate is produced by a counter-current solvent extraction process (Maddox and Foos 1966). This concentrate is stripped of its beryllium content with aqueous ammonium carbonate. By heating to 70 °C, aluminum and iron are precipitated and then removed by filtration. Precipitation of beryllium basic carbonate occurs when the solution is heated to 95 °C. The carbonate is filtered, deionized water is added, and heating to 165 °C yields a beryllium hydroxide product which is the common input to beryllium-copper alloy, beryllium oxide ceramics, or pure beryllium metal (Table 2.1-2). 

Based on the polarity difference between CO2 and the interior of the micelles, w/c microemulsions have found many applications as extraction media. Furthermore, by modifying pressure and temperature, solvent quality may be changed and it becomes, therefore, possible to exert a real control over the extraction process uptake of solutes inside micelles may be varied. This may be of use for separations/extractions involving bio-chemicals and proteins. In conventional solvents their separation from the reaction medium can be quite complicated, involving tedious processes such as fluid-fluid extraction, decantation, chromatography column, filtration, precipitation. Use of supercritical fluid technology with extraction in reverse micelles seems advantageous for proteins (e.g. 19, 76). This process was also used for the extraction of metals (77-79) and more recently of copper from a filter paper surface (1). 

To make an oil infusion from fresh herbs, place the herbs in a Mason jar and cover them with just enough oil to leave no part of the plant is exposed to air. Let sit in the sun for 2 weeks, or cook in a Crock-Pot for 5 days at low setting. Then press the herbs through a cloth. Let the decanted oil sit. After a day, the water naturally present in the herbs will settle to the bottom. Pour off the oil and discard the water. Some herbalists prefer to start the oil infusion by letting the herb sit in just a bit of alcohol that has been poured over the leaves for 24 hours. This breaks down the cell walls of the plant and helps begin the extraction process. After this, add the oil and proceed as above. 

Ecuelle a Piquer extraction process The Ecuelle a Piquer process (the prick/stick/prod process) is mainly used for the extraction of citrus fruits. The fruit is placed in a spinning container that has spikes on the sides which puncture the oil cells in the fruit. The oil from the punctured cells, together with the juice and pigments, pass down the center of the device into a collection area. The liquid is removed and the oil that floats on the surface of the aqueous layer is separated by decantation. 

A significant part of the wet extraction processes for minerals invedves either the removal of oversi/e materials from a suspension or the division of a suspension inlo two fractions by particle size. For these purposes, the decanter, operating in classiticatinn mode, is an ideal processing tool. 

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