Extraction magnesium chloride based salts

Present production processes use two stage counter-current extraction to remove americium from molten plutonium with magnesium chloride based salts. Both 35 mole % NaCl - 35 mole % KC1 - 3D mole % MgCl2 and 50 mole % NaCl-26 mole % CaCl2 - 24 mole % Mg Cl 2 are used for americium extraction. Figures 4 and 5 show the ternary phase diagrams for these salt systemsU0). 

To a solution of 13.6 g (0.08 mol) of N-hexylpiperazine and 8.1 g (11.2 ml), (0.08 mol) of triethylamine in 120 ml toluene, was added 15.6 g (0.08 mol) of N-isobutyl-benzimidoyl chloride over a period of 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for a period of 2 hours. The triethylamine hydrochloride was filtered off and the filtrate concentrated under vacuum. The residual oily base was washed with 20 ml water, extracted with 50 ml ether and dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. The dry ethereal solution was then added to a solution of 18.6 g (0.16 mol) maleic acid in 800 ml ether to obtain the dimaleate salt. Two recrystallizations from ethanol yielded 22.5 g (50.2%) of N-[(4-hexyl-l-piperazinyl)phenylmethylene]-2-methyl-l-propanamine product, M.P. 175°-176°C. 

An alternative sample preparation is based on the QuEChERS (Quick Easy Cheap Effective Rugged Safe) technique [14]. In this the sample is extracted into acetonitrile and magnesium sulfate, sodium chloride and citrate buffer salts at pH 5-5.5 are added, the mixture is shaken and then centrifuged to separate the phases. When applied to honey [15] the samples, containing isoproturon-d6 as an internal standard, were diluted with water and homogenized before addition of the QuEChERS salts described above, and acetonitrile. After extraction, centrifugation... 

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