Extinctive atmospheres

Combustible. Diameter of Jet, mm. Speed of Gas. cm. /mm. Speed of Atmosphere, om./mm. Oxygen in Extinctive Atmosphere. Per cent. 

Rayleigh scattering accounts for only a minor part of the extinction, except on the clearest days. It is a function of atmospheric pressure alone and... 

Process condensate from reforming operations is commonly treated by steam stripping. The stripper is operated at a sufficiently high pressure to allow the overhead stripping steam to be used as part of the reformer steam requirement (71). Contaminants removed from the process condensate are reformed to extinction, so disposal to the environment is thereby avoided. This system not only reduces atmospheric emissions, but contributes to the overall efficiency of the process by recovering condensate suitable for boiler feedwater make-up because the process is a net water consumer. 

Arc formation and extinction lakes place inside a sealed chamber, thus emitting no gases or vapours to the atmosphere, which may be a cause of fire hazard. They are the most appropriate choice for such areas... 

The extinction coefficient is dependent on the presence of gases and molecules that scatter and absorb light in the atmosphere. The extinction coefficient may be considered as the sum of the air and pollutant scattering and absorption interactions, as shown in Eq. (10-4) ... 

The Rayleigh scattering extinction coefficient for particle-free air is 0.012 km for "green" light (y = 0.05 /rm) at sea level (4). This permits a visual range of —320 km. The particle-free, or Rayleigh scattering, case represents the best visibility possible with the current atmosphere on earth. 

A transmissometer is similar to a telephotometer except that the target is a known light source. If we know the characteristics of the source, the average extinction coefficient over the path of the beam may be calculated. Transmissometers are not very portable in terms of looking at a scene from several directions. They are also very sensitive to atmospheric turbulence, which limits the length of the light beam. 

Deciview a unit of visibility proportional to the logarithm of the atmospheric extinction. Under many circumstances a change in one deciview will be perceived to be the same on clear and hazy days. 

Light Extinction Budget the percent of total atmospheric extinction attributed to each aerosol and gaseous component of the atmosphere. 

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