Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine explosive

The peroxide explosives TATP and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) have become popular with terrorists because they are easily prepared from readily obtainable ingredients, although the synthesis is fraught with danger (Figure 2). 

Inspired by the effective post-column photochemical conversion of hydroperoxides and peroxides to H2O2 just described, a method was developed for trace analysis of peroxide explosives, such as triacetone triperoxide (251) and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (252). These are powerful explosives with no commercial or military applications because... 

Heteropoly acid, tungstate-based, 496, 497 Hexacoordinate silyl peroxides, 808-10 , -Hexa-2,4-diene, photooxidation, 254-5 Hexamethyldisiloxane, oxidation, 806-7 Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) enthalpy of formation, 166 explosive, 707-8... 

Explosives that were detectable included TNT, dinitrotoluene (DNT), RDX, HMX, PETN, EGDN, NG, Tetryl, ammonium nitrate fuel oil (ANFO), triacetone triperoxide (TATP), and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD). Analysis time is less than 15 s. Figure 6 shows schematically how such a portal works ... 

Fig. 16. Gas chromatography-differential mobility spectrometry (GC-(DMS) topographic plot [retention time (v-axis), compensation voltage (y-axis), intensity (z-axis)] of a mixture of seven explosives (lOOng in acetonitrile) hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD), ethylene glycol dinitrate (EGDN), triacetone triperoxide (TATP), 2-mononitrotoluene (2-MNT), 4-MNT, 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT).

Peroxide-based explosives, such as TATP, diacetone diperoxide (DADP), and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (MHTD) can be detected using HPLC-DAD at 214 nm (see Figmes 11.5 and 11.6). Successful LC-MS/MS of explosives has been reported, as has the use of ion mobility and liquid chromatography with amperometric detection (Vigneau and Machuron-Mandard 2009 Hilmi et al. 1999 Ou et al. 2009 Meng et al. 2008). 

Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD) was one of the explosive compounds identified at a property in Escondido, California, in November 2010, which led to the house being intentionally burned to the ground by authorities. Each atom is equivalent to the other atoms of same atomic number (so all six carbons are equivalent, both nitrogens, and so on). Assign HMTD to its point group. 

Hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (l,6-diaza-3,4,8,9,12,13-hexaoxabicyclo [4,4,4]tetradecane HMTD) was first prepared by Legler in 1885. He discovered it while working on the slow combustion of ether. He obtained a solid which, on treatment with ammonia, gave an explosive compound—HMTD [51, 102, 103]. The early history of this substance is described by Bagal [51]. 

Oxley, J.C., Smith, J.L., Luo, W., Brady, J. Determining the vapOT pressure of diacetone diperoxide (DADP) and hexamethylene triperoxide diamine (HMTD). Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics 34,539-543 (2009)... 

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