Experiments with highly preparations used

Emulsion Injection for Recovery of Heavy Oil. Oil-in-water emulsions may be useful as sweep improvement agents in heavy-oil reservoirs. To improve the mobility ratio occurring with high-viscosity oils, McAuliffe (69) and Schmidt et al. (70) proposed the use of stable oil-inwater emulsions. These authors conducted laboratory experiments with emulsions prepared by reaction of sodium hydroxide with a synthetic acidic oil. The theoretical background for emulsion blocking has been discussed in Chapter 6, and it forms the basis for one of several mechanisms of caustic flooding (7i). These emulsions may form spontaneously during oil recovery processes (72), but can just as easily be prepared and injected as enhanced oil recovery fluids. 

The most useful of the insertion processes is the intramolecular reactions that occur with high selectivity for the formation of five-membered ring products. The electrophilic nature of the process is suggested by C-H bond reactivity in competitive experiments (3°>20 >1°) [76, 77]. Asymmetric catalysis with Rh2(MPPIM)4 has been used to prepare a wide variety of lignans that include (-)-enterolactone (3) [8], as well as (R)-(-)-baclofen (2) [7],2-deoxyxylolactone (31) [80,81],and (S)-(+)-imperanane (32) [82].Enantioselectivities are 91-96%... 

In this study, experiments were carried out with a [CH3Si(H)0]m prepared using conditions under which the yield of the cyclic oligomers (m = 4, 5, 6,. . . . ) is maximized [12], as well as with the commercial [CH3Si(H)0]m polymer of higher molecular weight, with presumably high linear content. 

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