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Experimental design visualization

Finding the End Point Potentiometrically Another method for locating the end point of a redox titration is to use an appropriate electrode to monitor the change in electrochemical potential as titrant is added to a solution of analyte. The end point can then be found from a visual inspection of the titration curve. The simplest experimental design (Figure 9.38) consists of a Pt indicator electrode whose potential is governed by the analyte s or titrant s redox half-reaction, and a reference electrode that has a fixed potential. A further discussion of potentiometry is found in Chapter 11. [Pg.339]

The modules are computer-based laboratory simulations with engaging activities that emphasize experimental design and visualization of structures and processes at the molecular level. The modules are designed to help students connect chemical principles from lecture with their practical applications in the lab. Every module has a built-in accountability feature that records section completion for use in setting grades and a workbook for students to record and interpret their work. [Pg.22]

Serizawa et al. (2002) studied experimentally, through visualization, the two-phase flow patterns in air-water two-phase flows in round tubes. The test section for air-water experiments consisted of a transparent silica or quartz capillary tube with circular cross-section positioned horizontally. The two-phase flow was realized through a mixer with different designs, as shown in Figs. 5.4 and 5.5. The air was injected into the mixer co-axially while water was introduced peripherally. [Pg.205]

A mistake that is often made is to consider experimental design primarily as a statistical modelling or interpretation method. In the context of chromatographic separation, the most important aspect of experimental design is in our view that it is a way of systematically mapping the experimental domain. In many situations, such as in Fig. 6.8, it is possible to visually interpret the results. In such cases statistical analysis is not needed. [Pg.186]

II. High-Dimensional Analysis Clustering analysis (Chapter 5), classification analysis (Chapter 6), multidimensional visualization (Chapter 7) in. Advanced Analysis Topics Statistical modeling (Chapter 8), experimental design (Chapter 9), statistical resampling methods (Chapter 10)... [Pg.5]

Impedance measurement can be considered a third way to evaluate electrochemical sensors besides potentiometry and amperometry. Electrochemical impedance studies in a narrower sense deal with phenomena at the electrode surface. The overall impedance of a chemosensor also includes effects of charge carrier properties far from the electrode. This was visualized by equivalence circuits presented in Chaps. 2 and 5. By individual experimental design, the study can be focused more on processes at the electrode surface or otherwise on ion properties in homogeneous solution. Even the variation of the dielectric constant in a layer will affect the overall impedance. If impedimetry is designed only to acquire data corresponding to ionic properties or value of the dielectric constant, it is not really an electrochemical method, in a strict sense. [Pg.175]


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