Glutamate mediated excitotoxicity

Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity contributes to ischemic neuronal death 288... 

FIGURE 10—34. Neurodegenerative causes of schizophrenia may lead to a final common pathway either of neuronal death or possibly of destruction of synapses and the axons and dendrites of such synapses. The causes can range from predetermined genetic programming of neuronal or synaptic destruction to fetal insults such as anoxia, infection, toxins, or maternal starvation to perhaps a destructive effect of the positive symptoms themselves on synapses and neurons via glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity. 

Table 5.1 Stimulatory effect of glutamate-mediated Ca2+ influx on enzymic activities involved in excitotoxicity...

Hynd, M.R., Scott, H.L., Dodd, P.R. (2004). Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer s disease. Neurochem. Int. 45 583-95. 

The role of glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity in ALS was supported by the efficacy of riluzole, (a benzothiazole derivative that acts by reducing glutamate excitotoxicity) in slowing the progression of ALS (Kunst, 2004). Riluzole is the only available treatment for ALS, but is now known to have limited therapeutic benefits with minimal effects on survival (Nirmalananthan and Greensmith,... 

Mattson MP (2003) Excitotoxic and excitoprotective mechanisms abundant targets for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative disorders. Neuromolecular Med 3 65-94 Matute C, Domercq M, Sdnchez-Gomez MV (2006) Glutamate-mediated glial injury mechanisms and clinical importance. Glia 53 212-224... 

---