Hamburger exchange

Perlmutter, S.J., Leitman, S.F., Garvey, M.A., Hamburger, S., Feldman, F., Leonard, H.L., and Swedo, S.F. (1999) Therapeutic plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin for obsessive-compulsive disorder and tic disorders in childhood. Lancet 354 1153-1158. 

Nicolson, R., Swedo, S.E., Lenane, M., Bedwell, J., Wudarsky, M., Gochman, P., Hamburger, S.D., and Rapoport, J.L. (2000) An open trial of plasma exchange in childhood-onset ohsessive-compulsive disorder without poststreptococcal exacerbations. / Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 39 1313-1315. 

I had a wealth of assistance and support, including many telephone exchanges within Germany to Hamburg, Berlin, Stuttgart, Darmstadt and Offenburg as well as the exchanging of many files via e-mail to and from Muttenz (Switzerland) and Houston (Texas, USA). 

Discussion. From the experimental and computational results, it appears that blood can reach near-equilibration very rapidly with respect to C02 after exchange of C02 with its environment. The half-time is of the order of 0.1 sec. Furthermore, the Hamburger exchange of HC03" for Cl" produces an approximate HC03" and Cl" equilibrium within 1 sec. Since the removal of C02 from the tissues to alveolar gas is one of the most important functions of the circulation, it is appropriate that this be so. 

Paramagnetic oxygen analyzers (Firma Mayhac, Hamburg) allowed Brunnho-fer et al. (1968 a, b) and Marcelle (1975) to measure oxygen exchange of whole CAM plants continuously over complete diurnal cycles. These authors showed... 

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