Examples K-values

As it was for the soil sorption partition coefficient, models for estimating micelle-water partition coefficients take advantage of the correlation with Kqw For example, K. values have been estimated from experimental octanol-water partition coefficients by... 

Inhibition of human aromatase by imidazole drugs has been extensively studied in vitro and in vivo [56, 115-120]. Ketoconazole has been most widely studied due to its widespread clinical use as an orally active broad-spectrum antimycotic and reports of associated gynaecomastia [109]. In vitro, it inhibits the aromatisation of both androstenedione [56] and testosterone [118], but is slightly less effective than AG (for example, K, values with androstenedione as substrate are 6,000 nM for ketoconazole and 4,400 nM for AG [56]). In contrast to AG, ketoconazole has been reported to be a non-competitive inhibitor of aromatase [116], although inhibition of other steroid hydroxylases is apparently competitive in nature [114] some other azoles such as miconazole have been reported to be competitive inhibitors [56]. 

The effects of water levels in chloroform and 1,2-dichloroethane on solute retention is an important factor when using silica or alumina supports [745], Ethyl benzoate, dibutyl, diethyl, and dimethyl phthalate, and o- and p-nitroaniline were used as test solutes to monitor the magnitude of the effect of water level on retention. For example, k/ values for these solutes on the alumina support were initially between 1 (for dimethyl phthalate) and 8 (for p-nitroaniline) when water levels were <60 ppm in the chloroform mobile phase. When water levels reached approximately 150 ppm, all k values had fallen below 2. For water levels >300 ppm all k values = 1. This reemphasizes the critical need for water levels in nonaqueous NP separations to be strictly controlled. 

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