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EVOLUTIONARY BIOGEOCHEMISTRY

In this chapter we consider the development and evolution of modem biosphere during its geological history. The reader will find a brief description of the formation of the lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere and their chemical composition. Creation and evolution of the biogeochemical structure of the biosphere and hydrosphere is also a subject of discussion. Finally, we show the role of biogeochemical cycles in formation of biogenic depositions (oil and gas). [Pg.13]

What modes of geochemical cycling existed prior to the origin of life  [Pg.13]

How have living organisms qualitatively and quantitatively changed the cycles of individual elements  [Pg.13]

What geochemical principles have been adapted by or incorporated into metabolism of organisms  [Pg.13]

It is now accepted that physical and chemical factors were exclusively responsible for the distribution of elements 4.5 billion years ago when the Earth was formed. Recent evidence suggests that life originated on Earth over 3.5-3.8 billion years ago. Since that time, biological processes have become increasingly important in redistribution of chemical elements and their compounds. [Pg.13]

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Biogeochemistry

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