Evolution test

The same series of hydrocelluloses was subsequently subjected to the carbon dioxide evolution test with the results shown in Fig. 3. These curves indicate that 4 minutes (.07 hr.) of prior hydrolysis caused an (26) G. F. Davidson, J. Textile Inst., 84, T87 (1943). 

Aerobic degradation of diethyl phthalate by acclimated soil and activated sewage sludge microbes was studied using an acclimated shake flask CO2 evolution test. After 28 d, loss of diethyl phthalate (primary degradation) was >99%, with a lag phase of 2.3 d, and ultimate biodegradation (CO2 evolution) was 95%. The half-life was 2.21 d (Sugatt et al., 1984). 

Another interesting feature of these CO2 evolution tests is that CO2 formation was still increasing for the linear alcohol ethoxylates but had reached a plateau for the branched nonionics. This suggests the formation of more bioresistant intermediates in the case of the branched surfactants. 

When the product of the in situ polymerization of monomeric butadiene to cts-1,4-polybutadiene in the presence of PVC, referred to as Type M PVC, as well as the product of the reaction of cis-1,4-polybutadiene with PVC, referred to as Type P PVC, were subjected to the hydrogen chloride evolution test at 180°C, irrespective of whether the base PVC was prepared by suspension or bulk polymerization, the curve was essentially linear and the time for 0.1 mole % decomposition was generally more than 45 minutes and often as much as 100 minutes (Figures 1 and 2). 

Figure 10.15 shows the simulated temperature distribution in the electrolyte for the single-cell stack model. In this calculation, the cell operating voltage is set at 0.16 V at which the electrolyte sheet cracked in the internal heat evolution test. In Figure 10.15, it can be observed that the temperature is almost 1273 K outside the anode/electrolyte/cathode area where heat is generated. Near the fuel inlet at the channel, the temperature increases steeply and the maximum temperature spreads over a wide area to the downstream of the fuel flow the maximum temperature difference in the electrolyte is around 60 K. 

Surface water biodegradation ty, = 2.21 d in an acclimated shake flask COj evolution test (Sugatt et al. 1984) G 2 d to > 2 wk for aerobic biodegradation in water ty, = 3 d when incubated in dirty river water (Howard 1989) ... 

Surface water primary biodegradation rate constant k = 0.082 d and ty, = 8.82 d in an acclimated shake flask CO2 evolution test (Sugatt et al. 1984) aqueous hydrolysis ty 157 yr (estimated. Staples et al. 1997). 

Ready Biodegradability A DOC Die-Away Test B C02 Evolution Test C Modified MITI Test (I)... 

The evolution of carbon dioxide or methane from a substrate rqpresents a direct parameter for mineralisation. Therefore, gas evolution tests can be... 

Gas evolution tests are popular test methods because they are relatively simple, rapid (days to weeks) and sensitive. A direct measure for mineralisation is determined, and water-soluble or insoluble polymers can be tested as films, powders or objects. Furthermore, the test conditions and inoculum can be adjusted to fit the application or environment in which biodegradation should take place. Aquatic synthetic media are usually used, but also natural sea water or soil samples can be applied as biodegradation environments. A prerequisite for these media is that the backgroimd COa-evolution is limited, which excludes the application of real composting conditions. Biodegradation under composting conditions is therefore measured using an inoculum derived from matured compost with low respiration activity . ... 

ISO 9439,1999, Water quality - Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in an aqueous medium - Carbon dioxide evolution test International Standard ISO 9439 1999(E), International Oiganization for Standardization (ISO),... 

IS09439 1999 Water quality—evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium—carbon dioxide evolution test... 

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