Evolution lateral gene transfer

Crawford, I. P. and Milkman R. (1991), Orthologous and paralogous divergence, reticulate evolution, and lateral gene transfer in bacterial trp genes , in R. K. Selander, A. G. Clark and... 

Fig. 10.5. Evolution of mitochondria and anaerobic organelles. Two possible scenarios for the evolution of diverse mitochondrial-derived organelles, (a) The aerobic and anaerobic metabolic pathways were present in the mitochondrial ancestor, followed by differential loss of functions in different extant eukaryote lineages, (b) The mitochondrial ancestor contained enzymes for aerobic metabolism, and the origin of anaerobes occurred via the acquisition of enzymes of anaerobic metabolism by lateral gene transfer (LGT). The order of gains and losses is unknown and the order depicted in the diagram is arbitrary...

Boucher, Y., and Doolittle, W.F. (2000). The role of lateral gene transfer in the evolution of isoprenoid biosynthesis pathways. Mol Microbiol 37 703-716. 

Current data suggest that cellulose biosynthesis is a bacterial invention and that eukaryotes acquired the process via multiple lateral gene transfers. Bacteria and eukaryota have independently evolved regulatory mechanisms and molecular structures to utilize the p-1,4-homopolymer synthesized by the catalytic activity of homologous cellulose synthase enzymes. The differences in accessory enzymes probably reflect not only convergent evolution to produce a cellulose I crystalline allomorph, but also inventions of alternative products such as cellulose II, noncrystalline cellulose, or nematic ordered cellulose. 

Given a role for lateral gene transfer in the evolution of cellulose synthesis, four different scenarios could explain differences in TC structure in divergent eukaryotic lineages. First, mutation of the CesA ortholog within one of... 

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