Evening primrose phenolics

Evening primrose meal phenolics (phenolic mixture)... 

GA exhibits a ROS-mediated anticancer activity in human prostate cancer cells [63] and possesses antimelanogenic properties. A phenolic fraction from evening primrose Oenothera biennis) containing 55% of GA showed antitumor activity [64]. It has been proposed as a candidate for treatment of brain tumors as it suppresses cell viability, proliferation, invasion, and angiogenesis in human glioma cells. GA induces the death of HeLa cervical cancer cells via apoptosis and/or necrosis [17]. 

Antioxidative compounds from oilseeds such as canola/rapeseed, mustard, flax, borage and evening primrose, soybean, cottonseed, peanut and sesame have been investigated. The antioxidative conq)onents present are diverse and may end up in the extracted oil or in their resultant meal after oil extraction. The antioxidative compounds present include tocopherols, sterols, phospholipids, phenolic acids and phenylpropanoids, flavonoids and isoflavonoids, hydrolyzable and condensed tannins, lignans, coumarins, amino acids, peptides and proteins as well as carotenoids (7). 

Figure 5. Chemical structures of selected phenolic antioxidants of canola, borage and evening primrose.

Evening primrose meal contains about 1.7% of low molecular weight phenolic compounds (catechin, epicatechin, and gallic acid). ... 

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