Evaporative cooling arrangement

Absorption is carried out in a system of towers or tanks provided with mixers and cooling jackets, connected in series and arranged in cascades. Chlorine, introduced into the last tank, passes in countercurrent to the flow of the milk of lime (100 to 200 g. Ca O per 1.). In the first tank temperature is maintained at 30 °C, in the second at 40 to 50 °C, in the third at 60 to 70 °C, and in the last one at 35 to 40 °C. The final solution is filtered, concentrated in a vacuum evaporator, cooled and a certain amount of separated crystals of calcium chloride centrifuged. Into a clear, reheated solution surplus potassium chloride is added, in order to achieve the conversion ... 

Spray ponds provide an arrangement for lowering the temperature of water oy evaporative cooling and in so doing greatly reduce the cooling area required in comparison with a cooling pond. 

In this set-up, impure substance is taken in an evaporating dish which is covered with a perforated asbestos plate over which is placed an inverted funnel. The dish is heated on a sand bath to avoid overheating which would be caused by the use of a direct flame. Heating yields vapours of the pure compound which is recovered as a solid deposited on the inside walls of the funnel provided with cooling arrangement as shown in Figure 2.8. The perforated asbestos sheet prevents the sublimate from falling back into the impure material. 

HEAT PUMP - A refrigerating system employed to transfer heat into a space or substance. The condenser provides the heat while the evaporator is arranged to pick up heat from air, water, etc. By shifting the flow of air or other fluid, a heat pump system may also be used to cool the space. 

Kolb et al. [167] reported the design, fabrication, and testing of another preferential oxidation reactor on the kilowatt scale (Figure 14.25a). Evaporation cooling was used here in a cocurrent flow arrangement. The reformate entered the preferential oxidation reactor from both sides, while the water was circulated in a front distribution chamber at the reactor inlet. Similar to the inlet, the purified reformate left the reactor at both sides, while the superheated steam was gathered in a single outlet manifold. 

Figure 7.10 Typical steady-state operation of the mi-crostructured 5 kWgi preferential oxidation reactor at 100% load level the reactor was cooled by evaporation cooling in a co-current flow arrangement.

Before addressing the properties and construction of the humidity charts, we consider a small variation on the simple contact of water with flowing air, which led to the wet-bulb conditions, hi this modified arrangement, shown in Figure 9.2, a stream of air is hmnidified in contact with constantly recirculated water. Both the water and the exiting gas stream attain adiabahc saturation temperature, which is lower than the dry-bulb temperature of the entering air because of evaporative cooling. 

---