Europium chloride amalgam

It can be seen that the (111) state is highly stable with respect to disproportionation in aqueous solution and is extremely difficult to oxidize or reduce. There is evidence for the existence of the (II) state since tracer amounts of amencium have been reduced by sodium amalgam and precipitated with barium chloride or europium sulfate as earner. The (IV) state is very unstable in solution the potential for americium(III)-ameridum(IV) was determined by thermal measurements involving solid Am02. Amencium can be oxidized to the (V) or (VI) state with strong oxidizing agents, and the potential for the americium(V)-americium(Vl) couple was determined potentiometrically. 

Europium (II) acetate, formation of, from europium amalgam, 2 68 Europium(III) acetate, 2 66 citrate solution of, 2 67 Europium amalgams, 2 65, 66, 68n. Europium (II) carbonate, 2 69, 71 Europium(II) chloride, 2 69, 71 formation of, from europium amalgam, 2 68 Europium (III) oxalate, 2 66 Europium (III) oxide, 2 66 Europium (II) salts, 2 69 Europium(II) sulfate, 2 69, 70... 

HfCli Hafnium chloride, 4 121 HgF Mercury (I) fluoride, 4 136 HgFs Mercury(II) fluoride, 4 136 HgS Mercury(II) sulfide, 1 19 Hg2Eu2 Europium amalgam, 2 68n. 

In the various solvent-extraction circuits employed in this process, use is made of a solution of D2EHPA in kerosene as the extractant. The selective recovery of the various metals is achieved by careful control of the equiUbrium pH value of the aqueous phases in the multistage extraction and stripping operations. After the leach liquor has passed through two separate circuits, each of which comprises five stages of extraction and four of stripping, the europium product is obtained initially as a solution of europium(III) chloride. Further purification of the product is accomplished by reduction with amalgamated zinc to Eu +, which is by far the most stable of the divalent lanthanide ions with respect to the reduction of water cf. the redox potentials of the Eu /Eu and Sm /Sm + couples, which are —0.43 and —1.55 V respectively ). Sulfuric acid is added to the... 

Purification of Europium. An acetate solution obtained from 20 g. of europium(III) oxide (>99% pure) was treated with 260 ml. of 0.3% sodium amalgam, added in three separate equal portions. The resulting amalgam contained all but 0.09 g. of the europium. Treatment of the amalgam with 100 ml. of 10 M hydrochloric acid caused complete precipitation of europium(II) chloride 2-hydrate. Removal of the product followed by washing with ice-cold 10 M hydrochloric acid and ultimate conversion to euro-pium(III) oxide gave a recovery of spectroscopically pure europium in excess of 90%. 

HgS Mercury (II) sulfide, 1 19 [Hg(SCN2H4)Cl]Cl Mercury (II) chloride monothiourea, 6 26 [Hg(SCN2H4)2]Cl2 Mercury(II) chloride dithiourea, 6 27 [Hg(SCN2H4)3]Cl2 Mercury (II) chloride trithiourea, 6 28 [Hg(SCN2H4)4]Cl2 Mercury(II) chloride tetrathiourea, 6 28 Hg2Eus Europium amalgam,... 

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