Ethylene-1-hexene

Eig. 1. Melting curves (dsc) of two ethylene—1-hexene copolymers produced in a gas-phase process one with a uniform branching distribution (1-hexene content 2.5 mol %) and another with a nonuniform branching distribution (1-hexene content 2.8 mol %). 

Table 6. Film Properties of Standard Ethylene—1-Hexene LLDPE and a Resin with Improved Mechanical Properties ...

Table 2. Triad distribution of ethylene/1-hexene copolymer...

Figure 5 Raman spectra of orthorhombic ethylene 1-hexene copolymer with band fitting. The crystalline band at 1,416 cm-1, and amorphous bands at 1,303 cm- and 1,080 cm- are used to compute the crystallinity content ac = 0.52, and the amorphous content aa = 0.42. (See Color Plate Section at the end of this book.)...

For the addition of ethylene, EtOAc as solvent was particularly advantageous and gave 418 in 60% yield (Scheme 6.86). The monosubstituted ethylenes 1-hexene, vinylcyclohexane, allyltrimethylsilane, allyl alcohol, ethyl vinyl ether, vinyl acetate and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone furnished [2 + 2]-cycloadducts of the type 419 in yields of 54—100%. Mixtures of [2 + 2]-cycloadducts of the types 419 and 420 were formed with vinylcyclopropane, styrene and derivatives substituted at the phenyl group, acrylonitrile, methyl acrylate and phenyl vinyl thioether (yields of 56-76%), in which the diastereomers 419 predominated up to a ratio of 2.5 1 except in the case of the styrenes, where this ratio was 1 1. The Hammett p value for the addition of the styrenes to 417 turned out to be -0.54, suggesting that there is little charge separation in the transition state [155]. In the case of 6, the p value was determined as +0.79 (see Section 6.3.1) and indicates a slight polarization in the opposite direction. This astounding variety of substrates for 417 is contrasted by only a few monosubstituted ethylenes whose addition products with 417 could not be observed or were formed in only small amounts phenyl vinyl ether, vinyl bromide, (perfluorobutyl)-ethylene, phenyl vinyl sulfoxide and sulfone, methyl vinyl ketone and the vinylpyri-dines. 

Sometimes a lower density polyethylene is made with both this type of catalysis or Ziegler-Natta. Branching is controlled by the addition of small amounts of 1-alkenes added to the ethylene. 1-Hexene would give a C4 branch, 1-octene a Ce branch, etc. If enough 1-alkene is used the polymer is called linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE). It is made by a high-density polyethylene process but branching gives a lower density. 

Figure 8. C-13 NMR spectrum at 50 MHz of Polymer D ethylene-1-hexene copolymer ( 10%...

Both readily entered into reaction with ethylene, 1-hexene and methyl methacrylate to afford cyclic 1,2-sulphates in 50-85% yield with norbomadiene a mixture of adducts were formed, depending on the conditions. 

Ethane —n-Butane —1 — n-Hexane —n-Octane —— Benzene —Xylene Ethylene + 1-Hexene... 

The high molecular weight copolymer is soluble in acetonitrile, acetone, and acetic anhydride which are non-solvents for the homopolymers. Similar 1 1 copolymers are produced when ethylene, 1-hexene, 1-octadecene, isobutylene, or styrene is substituted for propylene (29). 

Nickel-based azo-phenoxides, (II), prepared by Hinkle [2] and iron-based pyridinyl dihnines, (III), prepared by Razavi [3] were used to synthesize high molecular weight ethylene and ethylene/1-hexene copolymers, respectively, when activated with methylalumoxane. 

TABLE 1. Catalyst activity for metal complexes used in the polymerization of ethylene and ethylene/1-hexene. 

For example, random copolymerization of 1-hexene with ethylene was initiated by complex 5(Lu H) [37]. The ratio of ethylene/1-hexene in the polymer of 3 1 indicates the sensitivity of chain propagation toward steric bulk of the incoming monomer. Precatalyst 4(Lu H) effects the random copolymerization of ethylene with methylenecyclopropane to achieve 65 exo-methylenes per 1000 CH2 units [87]. CsMej/ER-ligated Sm complexes 18 can not only homopolymerize styrene... 

Gel-type poly(styrene-co-divinylbenzene) beads have been used as a carrier to encapsulate bis-Cp titanium catalysts through a simple swelling-shrinking procedure. These catalytic species are homogeneously distributed in the PS bead particle and exhibit high and stable ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene co-polymerization activity.1236... 

E/O co-polymerization reports with bis(cyclopentadienyl) complexes include ethylene/1-butene, ethylene/l-pentene,254 ethylene/4-methyl-l-pentene,516,522,523 ethylene/1-hexene,229,230,254,446,447,478,481,484,509,512-515, 517-519,522,524-530 ethyiene/1.octene(254,504,505,515,522,531-535 ethyiene/i decene,254,520 ethylene/1-dodecene,254,536 ethylene/1-tetradecene,254,532 ethylene/1-hexadecene,511,512,518,525 ethylene/1-octadecene.532,536... 

In the course of our polymerization studies the performance of these new catalysts in the copolymerization of norbomenes with a-olefms such as ethylene, 1-hexene and 1-decene was investigated. The primary reason for exploring this area was to enable copolymerization of norbomenes with ethylene (and other a-olefins)... 

An example of the use of the APT is given in Figure 1 for an ethylene-1-hexene copolymer. 

Figure 6 Mole Percent 1-Olefin Versus Density for a Series of Ethylene-l-Butene, Ethylene-1-Hexene and Ethylene-l-Octene Copolymers...

Ansa-metallocenes tethered to a silica surface through the bridging group have been prepared by reacting ClMeSi(Cp)2MCl2 (M = Zr, HI) with partially dehydroxylated silica, either by itself or modified by agents such as (MeO)3Si(CH2)3NH2. The catalyst activity in ethylene-1-hexene copolymerization is... 

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