Etherification reactions with simultaneous

Barium hydroxide dimethylf ormamide Reactions with simultaneous etherification and esterification Goumarin ring opening Benzilic acid rearrangement Partial formation of ketals... 

The most important examples of reactive separation processes (RSPs) are reactive distillation (RD), reactive absorption (RA), and reactive extraction (RE). In RD, reaction and distillation take place within the same zone of a distillation column. Reactants are converted to products, with simultaneous separation of the products and recycling of unused reactants. The RD process can be efficient in both size and cost of capital equipment and in energy used to achieve a complete conversion of reactants. Since reactor costs are often less than 10% of the capital investment, the combination of a relatively cheap reactor with a distillation column offers great potential for overall savings. Among suitable RD processes are etherifications, nitrations, esterifications, transesterifications, condensations, and alcylations (2). 

The alkoxylation of these structures, having carboxyl groups and hydroxyl groups, is a self catalysis process, catalysed by the acidic -COOH groups. Two simultaneous reactions take place the esterification of carboxyl groups with PO (reaction 16.14) and the etherification of hydroxyl groups (reaction 16.15) [34]. 

The manufacturing process for partially alkylated amino formaldehyde resins consist of two consecutive reactions. The first reaction is the methylolation (hydroxy-methylation) of an amino compound such as urea, melamine, or benzoguanamine with formaldehyde and can be carried out under basic or acidic conditions. Hydroxy-methylation under acidic conditions leads to simultaneous alkylation and polymerization of the amino resin. The second reaction, alkylation (or etherification), is carried out under acidic conditions. 

---