Sugarcane ethanol from

Ethanol from Sugar Feedstock Ethanol from Sugarcane... 

Figure 15.7 Manufacturing scheme of ethanol from sugarcane.

Brazil has been the major producer of ethanol in the world. The Brazilian program to make ethanol from sugarcane began in 1975 and by the 1990s, more than 4 million cars were running on ethanol. The ethanol widely used in Brazil is a mixture of 95% ethanol and 5% water. A small amount (up to 3%) of gasoline is also used. 

In Brazil almost 90% of the new cars run on this mixture while the rest operate on a 20% ethanol/80% gasoline mix. The country produces the ethanol on about 1% of its total farmable land. This is because sugarcane can be grown almost year-round in Brazil. The program required government assistance and by 1988 government subsidies for the production of ethanol from sugarcane were almost 1.3 billion. 

Environmental- and cost-efficiency of the process depend on the feedstock choice. First-pass economic calculations indicate that it will be much more efficient to derive ethanol from sugarcane than from com or sugar beets. 

Ethanol from Sugarcane in Brazil Economic Perspectives... 

ETHANOL FROM SUGARCANE IN BRAZIL CONTEXT AND EVOLUTION... 

B. Ethanol from Sugarcane in Brazil Economic Perspectives Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira and Rafael Silva Capaz... 

Moraes MAFD, ZUberman D. Production of ethanol from sugarcane in Brazil, 195. Natural resource management and policy, vol. 43. Springer 2014. ht //dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03140-8 15. 

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