Ethane sulfonic acid

All fish were sacrificed between 5 00 and 9 00 a.m. Washed micro-somes were prepared from liver homogenates as described previously (3). When whole liver homogenates were used as the enzyme source, 10% w/v homogenates were prepared in 0.15 M KC1, 0.02 M HEPES (N-2-hydroxypiperazine-N -2-ethane sulfonic acid Sigma) buffer (pH... 

G-50 column and eluted in 2-(N-Morpholino) ethansulfonic acid hydrate (MES)/N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazine-N-(2-ethane-sulfonic acid) (HEPES) buffer pH 7.2 (50 mM MES, 50 mM HEPES, 75mM NaCl) to remove unencapsulated BPs. Several formulations with different sizes were obtained (0.6, 0.4, 0.2, and 0.1 pm). Liposome size and morphology was determined by dynamic light scattering and cryo-TEM microscopy (Fig. 1). 

To prepare DQAsomes or vesicles composed of dequalinium derivatives, the appropriate amount of bola-lipid (10 mM final) was dissolved in methanol, dried using a rotary evaporator, suspended in 2.5 mL 5mM N-2-hydroxyethylpiperazine-N -2-ethane sulfonic acid (HEPES), pH 7.4, bath sonicated for about one hour followed by probe sonication for 45 minutes (10 W). The sample was then centrifuged for 30 minutes at 3000 rpm, the clear, or in some cases, opaque supernatant collected and the remaining non-solubilized residue lyophilized. The concentration of solubilized bola-lipid can be determined spectrophotometrically or can be inferred from the amount of recovered compound after lyophilization. 

HEPES A-[2-Hydroxyethyl]piperazine A -[2-ethane sulfonic acid]... 

Fig. 2 Relationships between current and voltage in a VCH heptameric pore. VCH monomer (10 ng in 5 pi) was added to 2.5 mM N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-piperazine-N -2-ethanes sulfonic acid (HEPES, pH 7.2) with 1 M NaCl in cis-compartment. When one VCH pore was incorporated into the planar lipid membrane, the membrane current was recorded automatically under fluctuating applied membrane potentials (Figure modified from Ref. [6])...

Abbreviations Chi, chlorophyll FeCN, K3[FeCCN)6] Hepes, N-2-hydroxy-ethyl-N -2-ethane sulfonic acid PDox, mixture of p-phenylene diamine (0.3 mM) and FeCN (1 mM),... 

HEPES N-2-hydroxyethyl piperazin-N -2-ethan-Sulfonic acid... 

---