Erythrocytes methemoglobin reductase

Defects in oxidoreductase in erythrocytes (methemoglobin reductase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase Chapter 15). Patients who have these defects usually are not cyanotic unless subjected to oxidative stress (e.g., treatment with primaquine or sulfonamide). 

Smith (1996) summarized data on the spontaneous methemoglobin reductase activity of mammalian erythrocytes. Using nitrated RBCs with glucose as a substrate, the data reflect the ratio of the activity of the species to the activity in human RBCs. Activity in rat cells and human cells ranged from 1.3 to 5.0. Activity in cells of the cat and dog was similar to that in human cells, and that of the rabbit was 3.3 to 7.5 times greater. Most studies show that the spontaneous methemoglobin reductase activity of human erythrocytes is within an order of magnitude of that of other mammals (Smith 1996). 

E. The Functional Methemoglobin Reductase System OP THE Mature Erythrocyte... 

Yubisui T, Matsuki T, Tanishima K, Takeshita M, and Yoneyama Y (1977) NADPH-flavin reductase in human erythrocytes and the reduction of methemoglobin through flavin by the enzyme. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 76, 174-82. 

Hempelmann, E., Heiner-Schirmer, R., Fritsch, G., Hundt, E. and Groschel-Stewart, U. (1987) Studies on glutathione reductase and methemoglobin from human erythrocytes parasitized with Plasmodium falciparum. Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. 23 19-24. 

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