Solubility equilibrium constant

Use the following terms to create a concept map chemical equilibrium, equilibrium constant, solubility product constant, reversible reactions, and Le Chdtelier s principle. 

We have only discussed two of the sixteen fields given in the figure, the prediction of the direction in which a reaction can proceed spontaneously by means of the chemical potential and the temperature and pressure dependence of p and its application. A next step would be to go over to mass action, i.e., the concentration dependence of p. This leads directly to the deduction of the mass action law, calculation of equilibrium constants, solubilities, and many other data. An expansion of the concept to colligative phenomena, diffusion processes, surface effects, electrochemical processes, etc., is easily possible. Furthermore, the same tools allow solving problems even at the atomic and molecular level that are usually treated by quantum statistical methods. 

Ripan and Vericeanu [68RIP/VER] studied the solubility of BaSeOaCs) by conductivity measurements as described in Appendix A. Hydrolysis can be neglected for Ba [76BAE/MES] and the original data, mean solubility value 7.92 x 10 M, were assumed to provide a measure of the solubility of BaSeO ,(s) in pure water. The equilibrium constant (solubility product) of the reaction ... 

The properties selected for evaluation include most of the thermodynamic properties which we normally evaluate in the course of our work in the data centers. They include enthalpies of formation, solution, and dilution Gibbs energies of formation and solution entropies of formation and solution heat capacities and equilibrium constants (solubility, ionization, etc) as well as activity and osmotic coefficients, relative apparent molal enthalpies and apparent molal heat capacities. 

These are used extensively in emf work to find, in particular, equilibrium constants, solubility products and equilibrium constants for complexing and ion-pair formation. Practice is necessary in recognising such situations and in handling them, and this is given in Worked Problems 9.23 to 9.27. 

It is important to differentiate between the terms soJubiJify product and solubility. Solubility product is the colloquial term for the equilibrium constant. Solubility is the amount of a substance in moles/liter or mg/liter that can dissolve in a solution under a given set of conditions. Solubility does not equal the solubility product, but the two quantities are interrelated. 

Mineral Composition Molecular mass, g-mole Equilibrium constant Solubility Thermodynamic properties at, 298,15 K, kj-mole ... 

For the first reaction the following equilibrium constant (solubility product) is obtained in the saturation state [7], since the precipitating salt shows an activity of... 

This handbook contains extensive tables of data for the more common Inorganic and organic aqueous electrolyte solutions. Properties covered include dielectric constants, activity coefficients, relative partial molar enthalpies, equilibrium constants, solubility products, conductivities, electrochemical potentials, Gibbs energies and enthalpies of formation, entropies, heat capacities, viscosities, and diffusion coefficients. Unfortunately, only a few of the tables contain references to the sources of the data. 

If auxiliary chemical reactions are involved in concentration determinations using ion-selective electrodes (end point titration, standard addition or subtraction, indirect procedures), extreme caution is required with variable sample temperatures. This is because in addition to the electrochemical effects discussed, purely chemical phenomena may become problematic (temperature dependence of equilibrium constants, solubility products, complex formation constants and activity coefficients). With the low sample flow rates commonly encountered (a few ml/minute), thermostating the solution and sample cell with the help of a quickly responding proportional controller (Orion, Series 1,000) presents no problem. 

---