Equations vapor-liquid explosion

Now let s compare all the parameters in the equation by starting with M and M. When the vapor pressure of liquid explosives is higher than the outside pressure, all liquid explosives evaporate. When the vapor pressure of liquid explosives is lower than the outside pressure at temperatore T, the evaporation only occurs on the liquid surface, and not the whole heating layer will evaporate. Under this condition, M < M. 

This equation is good to calculate, relatively accurately, the combustion heat of liquid explosives. While, in the calculation of combustion heat of solid explosives, the right part of equation must be deducted off its fusion heat. If the substance is gas, the vaporization heat should be added. In this method, the standard temperature used is Tb = 298.15 K. 

The universal gas constant used in this equation is 83.15 lO nTbarkmoT1 K 1. In an open vessel, the gas production may result in evolving gas, liquid, or aerosols, which may also have secondary effects such as toxicity, burns, fire, and ecological, and even a secondary unconfined vapor or dust explosion. The volume of resulting gas can be estimated, using the same ideal gas law ... 

Figure 5 depicts the liquid spinodal curves Sp(L) in a pressure-temperature diagram for fixed CO2 compositions. The region of negative pressures, which is of interest for describing the capillary properties of CO2 aqueous solutions, has been also included. Interestingly, it can be noted that spinodal Sp(L) isopleths present a pressure-temperature trend, which looks similar to the liquid spinodal curve of pure water.At low temperatures, the Sp(L) isopleths are decreasing steeply before to reach a pressure minimum. Then at subcritical temperatures, isopleths are less spaced and sloped, and they finish to meet the H2O-CO2 critical curve. The temperature appears as a determining parameter in the explosivity control of CO2 aqueous solutions. Like for water, the easiest way to generate an explosive vaporization is a sudden depressurization in the superspinodal domain, where spinodal curves have a gentle slope in a P-T diagram (Fig. 5). This superspinodal field can be estimated theoretically irom the PRSV equation of...

When the explosive liquid nitroglycerin, C3H5N3O9, decomposes, it forms carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, water vapor, and oxygen gas. Write a complete, balanced equation for this reaction. 

The theory of detonation is applied to the liquid-vapor phase transition in superheated fluids. It is shown that such detonations are always we detonations, characterized by supersonic flow of the shocked region. The detonation state is therefore determined by the transport properties— the viscosity and reaction rate— rather than by the boundary conditions. A numerical example is presented using the Van der Waals equation of state with parameters api opriate for water superheated approximately 100 degrees at a pressure of 5 bars. Detonation pressures of the order of 100 bars and explosion energies of the order of 10 J/Kg are predicted for this example. 

Equation 3 assumes that the external pressure (Po), the vapor pressure (Pv), the surface tension (ct), and the equilibrium radius of the huhhle (i o) determine the required negative pressure in the liquid to start an explosive growth of a cavity (13). The Blake threshold pressure is based on a static approach and is only valid when the surface tension dominates all dynamic effects, eg, mass transfer and viscosity. 

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