Epstein, Jacob

Patterson F, Schnoll R, Wileyto E, Pinto A, Epstein L, Shields P, Hawk L, Tyndale R, Benowitz N, Lerman C (2008) Toward Personalized Therapy for Smoking Cessation A Randomized Placebo-controlled Trial of Bupropion. Chn Pharmacol Ther 84(3) 320-325 Perez-Stable EJ, Herrera B, Jacob P 3rd, Benowitz NL (1998) Nicotine metabohsm and intake in black and white smokers. JAMA 280(2) 152-156 Perry RJ, Griffiths W, Dextraze P, Solomon RJ, Trebbin WM (1984) Elevated nicotine levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis. A role in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity Am J Med 76(2) 241-246... 

Jacob G, Messina M, Ketmedy J, Epstein C, Sanda M, Mullane J. Mittimum effective dose of etodolac for the treatment of rherrmatoid arthritis. J Chn Pharmacol... 

Jacobs LB, Brooks JD, Epstein JI. Differentiation of colonic metaplasia from adenocarcinoma of urinary bladder. Hum Pathol. 1997 28 II52. 

Epstein (1990) also considers a model (Allnatt and Jacobs, 1968) for nucleation in solid-state reactions that is equivalent to a set of coupled first-order rate equations. He shows that by introducing delays to account for the fact that an n-particle nucleus cannot grow until an (n — l)-particle nucleus is formed, the model can be made more physically realistic with relatively little increase in computational effort. 

Adding a grain of salt slightly decreases the amplitude and period. Adding more salt can suppress oscillations. The added chloride ions are oxidized to chlorous acid (HCIO2), which is then able to reduce the Ce(IV) back to Ce(III), inhibiting oscillations. Oscillations return when the chlorous acid is completely oxidized to inert CIO (Jacobs and Epstein, 1976). 

Jacobs, S. S. Epstein, I. R. 1976. Effects of Chloride Ion on Oscillations in the Bromate-Cerium-Malonic Acid System, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 98, 1721-1724. 

Zhabotinsky (1964b) noticed that the oscillating reaction is completely inhibited by traces of chloride ions. This inhibition was also observed by Janjic et al. (1974) for systems where the dicarboxylic acid is replaced by acetylacetone. Jacobs and Epstein (1976) reported that the inhibition of the concentration oscillation by trace amounts of chloride ions is only of temporary duration, provided that the initial chloride concentration is below a threshold value. High concentrations of chloride ions suppress the oscillations completely. The inhibition is caused by the oxidation of chloride ions to chlorous acid, which then reduces cerium(IV) to cerium(III). 

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