Epicatechin Epicatechine gallate

TERAO J, PiSKULA M and YAO Q (1994) Protective effect of epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, and quercetin on lipid peroxidation in phospholipid bilayers , Arch Biochem Biophys, 308, 278-84. 

The effects of flavonoids on in vitro and in vivo lipid peroxidation have been thoroughly studied [123]. Torel et al. [124] found that the inhibitory effects of flavonoids on autoxidation of linoleic acid increased in the order fustin < catechin < quercetin < rutin = luteolin < kaempferol < morin. Robak and Gryglewski [109] determined /50 values for the inhibition of ascorbate-stimulated lipid peroxidation of boiled rat liver microsomes. All the flavonoids studied were very effective inhibitors of lipid peroxidation in model system, with I50 values changing from 1.4 pmol l-1 for myricetin to 71.9 pmol I 1 for rutin. However, as seen below, these /50 values differed significantly from those determined in other in vitro systems. Terao et al. [125] described the protective effect of epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, and quercetin on lipid peroxidation of phospholipid bilayers. 

Caftaric acid has been shown to degrade faster by grape polyphenoloxidase than catechin, epicatechin, epicatechin gallate and procyanidins (Cheynier et al 1988). In the presence of caftaric acid, the degradation rate of the flavonols increased. Coupled oxidations between caftaric acid and the flavonols, as well as formation of caftaric acid and catechin copolymers, were proposed. 

Terao, J., Pisukla, M., and Yao, Q. 1994. Protective effects of epicatechin, epicatechin gallate and quercetin on lipid peroxidation in phospholipids bilayers. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 308 278-84. 

Solution a-tocopherol quercetin > epicatechin = epicatechin gallate. (6)... 

Five major tea catechins (e.g., epicatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin 3-galIate) were isolated from plasma and baseline resolved on a C g column (coulometric detector at 70 mV) using a complex 44-min 96/4 -> 67/33 water (1.75% acetonitrile, 0.12% THF, and lOOmM sodium phosphate buffer at pH 3.35)/(58.5/29/12.5 acetonitrile/water/THF with 15mM sodimn phosphate buffer at pH 3.45 ) gradient [1157]. The authors noted that bacterial growth in the weak solvent was foxmd at phosphate levels below lOOmM. They also noted that acetic acid was not compatible with the electrochemical detection system setup used here. Standards from 1 to 10,000 ng/mL were used. Detection limits of 5ng/mL (S/N = 3) were reported. 

Vitis vinifera seeds C02/20% or 15% ethanol 50 or 30 °C/ 300 bar, 30 C/ 250 bar Gallic acid, epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin gallate/catechin, epicatechin/ epicatechin gallate Yilmaz et al. 2011 [66]... 

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