Enzyme degradation reactions

The study of enzymes is important because every syndietic and degradation reaction in all living cells is controlled and catalyzed by specific enzymes. Many of these reactions are the soluble enzyme-soluble substrate type and are homogeneous in the liquid phase. 

The predominant activity in the study of enzymes has been in relation to biological reactions. This is because specific enzymes have bodi controlled and catalyzed syndietic and degradation reactions in all living cells. Many of diese reactions are homogeneous in the liquid phase (i.e., type 3 reactions). 

WRF presents an intracellular enzymatic system, cytochrome P450 monooxigenases, similar to those mammalian cells, that catalyzes a broad range of intracellular degradation reactions of released metabolites after the pollutants breaking by extracellular enzymes. 

As it is well known, enzyme catalyzed reactions can result in high enantiomer selectivity but the use of enzymes is limited by their properties and expressivity. However, enzymes have been utilized in some applications, such as the degradation of /7-chlorophenol [24] beeause of the small amount of enzyme needed under eontinuous flow. 

The first important metabolic approach used by microorganisms to initiate transformations of xenobiotic compounds involves hydrolyses. This set of reactions can occur under all environmental conditions. Also the enzymes that catalyze these degradation reactions are typically constitutive (i.e., always present), although their activity levels can be regulated (e.g., hydrolytic dehalogenases, Janssen et al., 2001). 

The internal volume bounded by the plasma membrane, the cytoplasm (Fig. 1-3), is composed of an aqueous solution, the cytosol, and a variety of suspended particles with specific functions. The cytosol is a highly concentrated solution containing enzymes and the RNA molecules that encode them the components (amino acids and nucleotides) from which these macromolecules are assembled hundreds of small organic molecules called metabolites, intermediates in biosynthetic and degradative pathways coenzymes, compounds essential to many enzyme-catalyzed reactions inorganic ions and ribosomes, small particles (composed of protein and RNA molecules) that are the sites of protein synthesis. 

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