Environmentally friendly synthesis

An environmentally friendly synthesis of 1,2-methylenedioxybenzene (MDB) can be efficiently carried out in the gas phase, by feeding pyrocatechol (PYC) and formaldehyde acetals and using a catalyst containing weak acid sites and redox sites. The Ti-silicalite (TS-1) was identified as the most active and selective catalyst, indicating the role of well-dispersed octahedrally-coordinated Ti" ions in comparison with some model catalysts. 

Since Raltegravir was a critical new tool to address the worldwide HIV/AIDS epidemic, in order to further increase global patient access, an even more efficient, economical and environmentally friendly synthesis was desired. 

The problems addressed by inorganic chemistry continue to be challenges well into the twenty-first century. For example, coordination chemistry will continue to provide compounds with unusual properties and uses, and will become an increasingly important component in bioinorganic chemistry. Organometallic chemistry will continue as one of the most active areas of catalysis research, especially in the chemical, energy, pharmaceuticals, and pollution control industries. New methods to meet the needs of the production of inorganic chemicals will involve environmental friendly synthesis (Navratil, 1998). 

Ju and Varma envisioned that the nucleophilic substitution reaction of alkyl halides with amines may be accelerated by microwave energy because of their polar nature [88]. An environmentally friendly synthesis of tertiary amines via direct JV-alkylation of primary and secondary amines by alkyl halides under microwave irradiation was developed (Scheme 21), that pro-... 

Synthesis of CGP variants is of special interest for (i) the production of a variety of dipeptides (see below) (ii) environmentally friendly synthesis of a wider selection of bulk chemicals and (iii) still unknown functions of new CGP being of biotechnical interest might be beneficial for industry. The in vitro synthesis of variants of the polymer is discussed below. 

Tepoxalin is a potent inhibitor of both the cyclcooxygenase and lipoxygenase pathways of the arachidonic acid cascade. In a facile and more environmentally friendly synthesis, condensation between methoxyphenyl-hydrazine and the bis-ketone with a pendant hydroxamic acid group at the end of the molecule delivered tepoxalin in 70% yield. 

Espro, C., Frusteri, E, Arena, E, Parmaliana, A., 2003. Innovative membrane-based catalytic process for environmentally friendly synthesis of oxygenates. Topics in Catalysis 22,65-70. 

De la Hoz, A., Andres, M., Ester, V. 1999. Use of microwave irradiation and solid acid catalysts in an enhanced and environmentally friendly synthesis of coumarin derivatives. Synlett 5 608-610. 

Heterogeneous catalysis is one of the most powerful tools for the preparation of building blocks and fine chemicals. Reuse and recycling of heterogeneous catalysts is a milestone and a fundamental topic in the aim to introduce a green approach or an environmental friendly synthesis of scaffolds and target molecules. 

Iwasaki, T. Kosaka, K Watano, S. Yanagida, T. Kawai, T. (2010). Novel environmentally friendly synthesis of superparamagnetic magnetite nanoparticles using mechanochemical effect. Mater. Res. Bull, 45,481-485. 

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