Strength environmental effects

Rehbinder and co-workers were pioneers in the study of environmental effects on the strength of solids [144], As discussed by Frumkin and others [143-145], the measured hardness of a metal immersed in an electrolyte solution varies with applied potential in the manner of an electrocapillary curve (see Section V-7). A dramatic demonstration of this so-called Rehbinder effect is the easy deformation of single crystals of tin and of zinc if the surface is coated with an oleic acid monolayer [144]. 

The environmental effects on the failure rate may be modeled using Arrhenius or pow ei laws. In some cases it may be necessary to model the failure rate using the technique of overlapping -.iress/ strength distributions (Haugen, 1972). 

In a previous section it has already been observed that high-strength 2000 and 7000 series alloys are sensitive to the presence of water vapour in corrosion fatigue tests. Stress-corrosion susceptibilities of these alloys in low temperature aqueous solutions and the effect of composition and heat treatment have been widely investigated . It is not surprising therefore that when subjected to corrosion fatigue in similar environments, substantial environmental effects can be observed particularly at low frequencies of less than 1 Hz and AA values above These environmental effects tend to be... 

Presently, this subject received a renewed interest in terms of environmental effects of these cations. Two recent comprehensive reports31,32 describe the hydrolysis of trimethyltin compounds in aqueous and salt media at various temperatures and ionic strengths and provide an overview of the relevant literature. 

Environmental effects on composite strength can be apparent in shortterm tests at high temperatures. For example, Prewo et al. observed pronounced differences in the stress-strain response of continuous fiber/glass-... 

The possible mechanistic importance of the Fe-imidazole(histidine) bond, especially in various models for hemoglobin cooperativity, has been recognized for some time. NRVS clearly provides the first experimental method for systematic studies of how the Fe-Im bond strength can be modulated in six-coordinate hemes, both by protein environmental effects as well as by the consequences of systematic ligand change. 

Covers the determination of the ability of rubber to withstand the environmental effects of high humidity and temperature. The effects are determined by noting the change in tensile strength after exposure over distilled water. 

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