Engineering stress/strain

It Is well known that mechanical properties of polymeric materials are greatly deteriorated by UV exposure (2-j)). The nature of this deterioration was determined using non-strained samples which were photooxidized at 37°C. Engineering stress-strain curves as a function of UV exposure are shown in Figure 1. The numbers next to each curve represent days of UV exposure. In terms of degradation, the points of interest are ... 

Figure 1. Engineering stress-strain curves as a function of time of UV exposure (numbers next to each curve represent days of exposure at 37°C)...

The integral U((7m) represents the area under the engineering stress-strain master curve up to the maximum stress (7. The static stress is a function of the energy density function U([Pg.18]

Laue and Warhus cameras were used for the side-angle and small-angle photographs respectively. The stress-strain data were obtained on an electrohydraulic deformation apparatus especially built for Xerox by MTS Systems Corp. (18). Tensile engineering stress-strain data was obtained at 30°C and a strain rate of 0.1 in./in./min. 

Figure 3. Engineering stress-strain curves for HMS banded and unbanded spherulitic specimens crystallized at 52°C and 60°C respectively...

Figure 26.5 Engineering stress-strain curves measured at 23 °C. RT denotes room temperature...

Figure 26.11 Engineering stress-strain curves (23 °C) for ATH-filled ES30...

Figure 26.17 Engineering stress-strain curves, measured at 23 cC, for ESI, EP and ESP. Compositions are given in wt% comonomer (S and P)...

Engineering stress-strain curves of cross-linked samples are shown in Figure 5. All cross-linking materials showed dramatic improvement of... 

Figure 4. Tensile engineering stress-strain curves of (a) Cu tested at 22 °C and (b) Ti tested at 250 °C. Both were tested at a strain rate of 10 3 s 1. The processing conditions for each curve...

Figure 6. Engineering stress-strain at ambient conditions of 303-0, 303-50 and of the sulfur vulcanized EPDM backbone. ASTM die C samples were stretched at 20 in./min.

Figure 7. Engineering stress-strain at ambient conditions of Zn-S-EPDM samples with various loading levels of zinc stearate (see text for sample size).

Figure 1. Engineering stress—strain curves of LLDPE and blends with PS.

Engineering stress and strain are easy to calculate and are used widely in engineering practice. However, engineering stress-strain curves generally depend on the shape of the specimen. A more accurate measure of intrinsic material performance is plots of true stress vs. true strain. True stress Ot is defined as the ratio of the measured force (F) to the instantaneous cross-sectional area (A) at a given elongation, that is,... 

FIGURE 11.9 Typical engineering stress-strain curve for steel. 

Fig. 13.34 Engineering stress-strain curves of free-standing thin films of Nylon-6, crystallized between PS layers. The film of thickness 0.15 rm has the largest flow stress since the best slip system of (001) [010] is perpendicular to the axis of the film (from Muratoglu et al. (1995b) ...

In a plot of (T, against A (Figure 53) yield will occur according to eqn 5.7 at point M that is to say the engineering stress-strain curve will show a maximum only if a tangent can be drawn from A => 0 to touch the true stress-extension ratio curve at a point such as M. 

This is also referred to as the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and is expressed in psi or MPa. It is a maximum stress on the engineering stress-strain curve. It is an index of the quality of a material that is, it is a good indication of defects, flaws, or harmful inclusions present in the material. 

Fig. 4.6 Effect of Ti3SiC2 grain orientation on room-temperature engineering stress-strain curves compressed in the z directions and the x direction, i.e., parallel to the basal planes. The curves are shifted by 0.025 strain for clarity s sake [14]. With kind permission of Springer and Professor Barsoum...

Fig. 4.63 Typical engineering stress-strain curves as a function of temperature and grain size in a compression and b four-point flexure. Unless otherwise noted, the curves are for the FG microstructure. In both cases, below 1200 °C, the failure is brittle, whereas above 1200 °C the failure Is plastic, with significant plasticity [17]. With kind permission of John Wiley and Sons...

Fig. 4.78 Engineering stress-strain curves for several Y203-stabilized Zr02 single crystals composition corresponding to each crystal is indicated [2]. With kind permission of John Wiley and Sons...

Future reports will deal further with (a) details of the interphase profile and engineering stress-strain behavior (32) and (b) the properties of blends of PS with these same SBS block copolymers (42). 

FIGURE 14.1 Engineering stress-strain curves of 30/70 PVC/HDPE blends without weld hne (Jarusa et al., 2000)... 

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