Energy of electrostatic repulsion

The energy of electrostatic repulsion (per pair of particles) which results from zeta-particles is estimated from the Deryagin equation (19) ... 

A considerable advance was made in the 1940 s when in the theories of Derjaguin and Landau (11) and Verwey and Overbeek (12) a theory of the stability of lyophobic colloids was obtained by assuming the pairwise additivity of the potential energy of electrostatic repulsion, VR, and the van der Waals attraction,... 

The spatial size D of electrostatic blob can be estimated from the condition that the energy of electrostatic repulsion of two blobs is of the order of thermal energy IcT ... 

Fig. 1.15 shows the free Energy of electrostatic repulsion (dotted curve) and van der Waals attraction (dashed curve). The solid curve shows the overlap of the van der Waals attraction and electrostatic repulsion. 

An expression for the force of electrostatic repulsion between two charged crossed hemicylindrical surfaces is given in Equation (3.5) and in fact this turns out to be equivalent to interaction between a sphere and a flat plate. Integration of this expression leads directly to the potential energy of electrostatic repulsion, namely. 

Tire total energy equals the sum of the nuclear energy (the electrostatic repulsion between the positively charged nuclei) and the electronic energy. The electronic energy comprises... 

Balance Between Macromolecular Bridging Energy and Electrostatic Repulsive Energy. In the absence of externally applied forces, the net aggregation force per unit cell surface area (difference between the macromolecular bridging force per unit area (electrostatic repulsive force per unit area ([Pg.32]

Figure 12. Diagram illustrating the form of the potential energy curve for two particles with adsorbed layers interacting in the absence of electrostatic repulsion ...

The intermediate structure 91 has higher energy than 90 and no evidence has been found for protonation of the arsenic atom, 92a. Acetylation and nitration of arsabenzene gave mixtures of 2- and 4-substituted products. The NMR spectrum revealed that 2-acetylarsabenzene is the minor isomer and 4-acetylarsabenzene the major one (4 1 ratio). It has been suggested that this product ratio is the result of electrostatic repulsion between the electropositive electrophile and the positively charged arsenic atom. 

The reason for the large release of free energy associated with hydrolysis of ATP is that the products of the reaction, ADP and Pj, are much more stable than ATP. Several factors contribute to their increased stability relief of electrostatic repulsion, resonance stabilization, and ionization. 

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