Energy and other costs in some typical cases

5 Energy and other costs in some typical cases 

Provided equilibrium and mass transfer rate data are available, preliminary costing calculations such as the ones above present no particular difficulty. These data are increasingly available in the literature and, if not available, are not difficult to obtain with suitable bench-scale equipment. The extraction of material from a solid substrate using marginally subcritical liquid CO2 as solvent is taken as a further example below. 

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