Endocytosis and Trafficking

Seachrist JL, Ferguson SSG. 2003. Regulation of G protein-coupled receptor endocytosis and trafficking by Rab gtpases. Life Sci 74 225-235. 

Table 1 Agents and Inhibitors for Investigating Endocytosis and Intracellular Trafficking... 

The dynamic phase behavior model of Hazel emphasizes that the membrane must remain suitably poised between propensities for forming both bilayer (lamellar) and hexagonal II structures. Although excessive formation of hexagonal phases at high temperatures is disruptive of cellular function—and potentially of lethal consequence to the cell—under normal conditions cellular membranes must possess domains in which hexagonal II structures can be assembled. These structures are essential components of such normal membrane functions as membrane fusion during exo- and endocytosis and membrane traffick-... 

Here we provide the basic methods we use to study chemokine-receptor trafficking. These methods have been used in conjunction with chemokines and chemokine antagonists, and with other agents (e.g., phorbol esters) that can induce receptor endocytosis. In the following protocols, we refer only to the use of chemokines. We use the operational terms endocytosis and recycling to avoid alternative expressions such as down-modulation or down-regulation, desensitization, and resensitization, which may be used to reflect the functional state of the receptor or cell. 

Grewal, T, Heeren, J., Mewawala, D., Schnitgerhans, T, Wendt, D., Salomon, G., Enrich, C., Beisiegel,U. and Jackie, S. (2000) Annexin VI stimulates endocytosis and is involved in the trafficking of low density lipoprotein to the prelysosomal compartment. J. Biol. Chem. 275, 33806-33813. 

The actin cytoskcleton is one of the most fascinating cellular networks that mediates a variety of essential biological processes critical for the survival of the cell. Its dynamic properties provide the basic force for various processes like cell migration, endocytosis, vesicular trafficking and cytokinesis. In order to efficiently execute all these dynamic processes the differential reguladon and recruitment of a plethora of actin-bindingproteins with distinctive activities is required. One of the major actin binding proteins that has been extensively studied in recent years is coronin. 

Appropriate cellular adhesion, endocytosis, and intracellular trafficking to allow therapeutic delivery or imaging in the cytoplasm or nucleus. 

RME is a highly specific cellular biologic process by which, as its name implies, various ligands bind to cell surface receptors and are subsequently internalized and trafficked within the cell. In many cells the process of endocytosis is so active that the entire membrane surface is internalized and replaced in less than 0.5 h (19). 

R. Duncan, and S.C. Richardson, Endocytosis and intracellular trafficking as gateways for nanomedicine delivery opportunities and challenges. Mol Pharm, 9 (9), 2380-402, 2012. 

An effective BoNT-based drug delivery vehicle can be used to directly deliver toxin inhibitors into intoxicated nerve terminal cytosol. This apprroach can potentially be utilized for targeted drug delivery to treat other neuronal and neuromuscular disorders. This report also provides new knowledge of endocytosis and exocytosis as well as ofBoNT trafficking. 

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