Endocrine disorders pancreas

Uncommon causes of diabetes (1% to 2% of cases) include endocrine disorders (e.g., acromegaly, Cushing s syndrome), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), diseases of the exocrine pancreas (e.g., pancreatitis), and medications (e.g., glucocorticoids, pentamidine, niacin, and a-interferon). 

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an example of an endocrine disorder it is the most common endocrine disorder in the United States (see Chapter 25). It is classified as either type 1 or type 2. DM type 1 results from a failure of the pancreas to secrete insulin even though the pancreas is otherwise normal. Type 2 is the most common form of DM and results from end-organ resistance to the action of insulin that, in this case, is secreted from the pancreas in abundant amounts and circulates at high concentrations. Secondary DM occurs when a nonendocrine disease, such as pancreatitis, destroys the pancreas including the insulin secreting cells. The biochemical hallmark of DM is hyperglycemia. 

Diabetes and other metabolic diseases Diseases of the liver, biliary system and pancreas Endocrine diseases Genetic disorders... 

This chapter gives a general overview of the endocrine system. Some detail is given of the thyroid gland, the adrenal glands, the pancreas and disorders of them because health care professionals are likely to come across patients with such disorders. 

Mulliplc endocrine neoplasias are inherited disorders. The syndromes are usually transmitted in an autosomal dominant pattern. The endocrine glands most often affected are the parathyroid, pituitary, pancreas, thyroid and adrenal. It is postulated that the cell types involved in these tumours have a common embryological precursor. There arc three well-dcrmed multiple endocrine neoplasia syndromes (Fig. 2). 

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is an inherited disorder of iron metabolism characterised by excessive iron absorption and toxic accumulation of iron in the parenchymal cells of liver, heart, pancreas and other endocrine organs. There are four types of HH known ... 

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