Encyclopedia reactive

Figure 15.1. Processes for making adsorbents, (a) Flowsketch of a process for making molecular sieve adsorbents, (b) Process for reactivation of bone char, (c) Silica gel by the BASF process. The gel is formed and solidifies in air from sodium silicate and sulfuric acid, then is washed.free of sodium sulfate with water (Ullmann, Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Verlag Cliemie, Weinheim, Germany).

S. B. Brown, C. M. Orlando, Reactive extrusion, in Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, Vol. 14,... 

Since the publication of the chapter Tellurium in the second edition of this encyclopedia,12 a number of methods to transform organotellurium compounds into tellurium-free reactive organometallics and the use of such species in stereoselective carbon-carbon bond formation have been developed. Coupling reactions of organotellurium... 

N and O donors typically hexacoordinate, these can have extended carboxylate bridged stractures. The stracture and reactivity of such complexes have been examined as model systems in the search for explanations of the biological activation and transport of oxygen. The oxygen carrying proteins hemerythrins contain active centers " " in which two iron atoms are linked by both /x-oxo and carboxylate bridges provided by amino acid groups - these are discussed elsewhere in this Encyclopedia. 

Brown O. Reactive extrusion. In Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology, 2nd Ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 1988 Vol. 14, 169-189. 

The entry will start with fundamentals, focusing on the rmique properties and the resulting opportunities covered in a generic fashion. Applications in different domains and reactive environments will follow. Some concluding remarks will summarize reactions in supercritical fluids and provide some perspectives for the years to come. Supercritical as well as other reactions can be facilitated through supercritical fiuid aided synthesis and frmctionaliza-tion of catalysts. These are discussed elsewhere in the Encyclopedia. 

Ul. Usdin, E., Reactions of cholinesterases with substrates, inhibitor and reactivators. In Anticholinesterase Agents, International Encyclopedia of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Section 13, Vol. 1, pp. 60-122. Pergamon, Oxford, 1970. 

Ill G. Kaupp, Solid-State Reactivity/Gas-Solid and Solid-Solid Reactions, in Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry DOI 10.1081/E-ESMC-120024356, 2005, pp.1-13. 

FIGURE 8.4 The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in indncing diseases. CHD is coronary heart disease. (Adapted from Strain, J.J. and Benzie, I.F.F. 1999. Diet and antioxidant defense, in Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition, Sadler, M.J., Strain, J.J., and Caballero, B., Eds., Academic Press, San Diego, 95.)... 

M. Sakuth, D. Reusch, R. )anowsky. Reactive Distillation, in Ulmann s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2001. 

In recent years, much interest has been focused on the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) radicals in viable cell cultures and tissues. The spin trapping technique has proved to be very valuable, and its general characteristics have been described elsewhere in this encyclopedia. The complex biochemistry involved requires special techniques for spin trapping ROS and NO in biological materials. Such techniques form the content of the final sections. 

The mechanistic distinction between active and non-active anodes is considered elsewhere in this encyclopedia [3]. Both types of anodes act indirectly, by electrochemical oxidation of water to reactive anode-boxmd species that can bring about chemical oxidation of a substrate. 

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