Enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis

The award of the 2001 Nobel Prize (Chemistry) to Knowles, Noyori, and Sharpless for their contributions to the field of enantioselective homogeneous 

Hetero neom Cahdysk for Clean Technology Spectroscopy, Design, and Monitoring First Edition. 

A number of different strategies for the immobilization of chiral catalysts are introduced, which include covalent tethering, the use of electrostatic interactions, and encapsulation methodologies. 

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A naturally occurring chiral metal structure is a screw dislocation (Fig. 3.4),11 which is a chiral arrangement observed in metal crystals but never resolved and tested for enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis. A possible method of making chiral arrangements like screw dislocations is by the glancing angle deposition technique, which can produce chiral sculptured thin films.12... 

Liquid-phase oxidations catalyzed by polyoxometalates are covered by Mizuno, Kamata, and Yamaguchi (Chapter 13). Finally, the developing field of enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis is presented by Coman, Poncelet, and Parvulescu (Chapter 14). 

H. U. Blaser, B. Pugin, M. Studer, Enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis academic and industrial challenges, in D. E. de Vos, I. F. J. Vankelecom, P. A. Jacobs (Eds.), Chiral Catalyst Immobilization and Recycling, Wiley-VCFI, Weinheim, 2000, p. 1. 

Heterogeneous catalysis is obviously technically significant, and the development of enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis is highly desirable. Between 1922 and 1956, a tremendous number of trials were made, but without notable success (25). In 1956, the Akabori group... 

A. HECKELand D. Seebach, Preparation and characterization of TAD DO Ls immobilized on hydrophobic controlled-pore-glass silica gel and their use in enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis, Chem - Eur.J. 2002, 8, 559-572. 

Abstract Enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis requires surfaces with structures that are chiral at the atomic level. It is possible to obtain naturally chiral surfaces from crystalline inorganic materials with chiral bulk structures. It is also possible to create naturally chiral surfaces from achiral materials by exposing surfaces that have atomic stractures with no mirror symmetry planes oriented perpendicular to the surface. Over the past decade there have been a number of experimental and theoretical demonstrations of the enantiospecific physical phenomena and surface chemistry that arise from the adsorption of chiral organic compounds on the naturally chiral, high Miller index places of metals. 

It has been noted, especially since the thalidomide tragedy, that different chemical enantiomers can induce very different biochemical responses. The production of enantiomerically-pure compounds is critical to the pharmaceutical, agro-chemical and fine-chemical industries, and has fueled the need for enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis [1]. 

Ortega Lorenzo M, Haq S, Murray P, Raval R, Baddeley CJ (1999) Creating chiral surface for enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis (R, R)-tartaric acid on Cu(llO). J Phys Chem B 103 10661... 

Blaser, H.U., Pugin, B. and Studer, M. (2000) Enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis academic and industrial... 

Vedenyapin, A.A., Klabunovskii, E.L, and Vlasenko, Yu.V. (1981) Structure of dissymmetric clusters leading the enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis, Izv. AN SSSR, Ser. khim. 2519-2523, Chem. Abstr. 1982,96,41547). 

Griffiths, S.P., Johnston, P., Vermeer, W.A.H., Wells, P.B. (1994) Novel alkaloid modifiers for enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis, J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm. 2431-2432. 

Augustine, R.E., Tanielyan, S.K. (1996) Enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis II. Examination of the formation of the individual (R) and (S) lactates in the cinchonidine modified platinum hydrogenation of pyruvate,... 

Keywords Chiral, Enantioselectivity, Heterogeneous catalysis, Metal-organic frameworks. Porous, Size selectivity... 

Figure 5.2 Schematic representation of self-supporting strategy for enantioselective heterogeneous catalysis.

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