Embrittlement vanadium alloys

R.E. Buxbaum, R. Subramanian, J.H. Park, and D L. Smith, Hydrogen Transport and Embrittlement for Palladium Coated Vanadium-Chromium-Titanium Alloys, Journal of Nuclear Material, Part A, 233-237, 1996, pp.510-512. 

Buxbaum, R. E, Subramanian, R, Park, J. H, Smith, D. L. Hydrogen transport and embrittlement for palladium coated vanadium-chromium-titanium alloys. J Nucl Mater. 1996 233-237 510-2. 

Beta phase alloys. Beta phase alloys are usually metastable, formable as quenched, and can be aged to the highest strengths but then lack ductility. Fully stable beta alloys need large amoimts of beta stabilizers (vanadium, chromium and molybdenum) and are therefore too dense. In addition, the modulus is low (<100 GPa) unless the beta phase structure is decomposed to precipitate the alpha phase. They have poor stability at 200 to 300° C, have low creep resistance, and are difficult to weld without embrittlement. Metastable beta alloys have some application as high-strength fasteners. 

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