Spectrometer electrostatic

Electrostatic spectrometers (or analyzers) do not have such extensive use as magnetic spectrometers. They are only used for certain types of experiments where an electrostatic field is more convenient than a magnetic one. 

An electrostatic spectrometer uses a radial electric field formed between two cylindrical electrodes, as shown in Fig. 13.24. If there is a potential difference V between the electrodes EF and E F, the electric field in the space 

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PIPS-detector Electrostatic spectrometer or time-of-flight... 

The properties of monochromatized synchrotron radiation have been discussed in detail in the previous section and the characteristic features of electrostatic spectrometers will be discussed in detail in Chapter 4, with examples of photoionization processes in certain atoms and specific questions of interest presented in Chapter 5. Therefore, the following discussion is restricted to basic aspects of electron spectrometry with monochromatized synchrotron radiation, in particular to some of the fundamental properties of electron spectrometers and to the special polarization properties of this radiation which require appropriate experimental set-ups for angle-resolved electron spectrometry (without spin-analysis for the determination of spin-polarization see Section 5.4). 

In this equation the change in the kinetic energy of the electrons along their trajectory x has to be taken into account. For example, in the deflection field of an electrostatic spectrometer the electrons lose kinetic energy as they move... 

Figure 13.24 An electrostatic spectrometer using a radial field.

Fig.5.10. The principles of XPS. The photoelectrons emitted from the sample are analysed for energy in an electrostatic spectrometer...

The maximum possible selectivity can probably be attained with electrostatic -spectrometers whose accuracy of energy determination is about... 

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