Electron Configuration of Hydrogen

What is the electron configuration of carbon What is the electron configuration of hydrogen ... 

Hydrogen Hydrogen has only one electron, which must go into the lowest-energy, Is orbital. Thus, we say that the ground-state electron configuration of hydrogen is Is1, where the superscript indicates the number of electrons in the specified orbital. 

One of the simplest methods that fits most atoms uses the periodic table blocked out as in Figure 2-9. The electron configurations of hydrogen and helium are clearly li ... 

The pairing of electrons is important, because it confers a degree of stability on the species concerned. Electrons in an atom are contained within atomic orbitals, each of which may only hold a maximum of two electrons. The electron in a hydrogen atom is contained in the first principal quantum shell, which is indicated by 1. Within this principal quantum shell, there is only one type of subshell, and this is represented by the letter s . The electronic configuration of hydrogen may be written as Is1. The raised postscript indicates that there is only one electron in that particular orbital. 

Now, let s compare that electron configuration of hydrogen to the electron configuration of helium, shown in Figure 3-4b. 

We have seen that the chemistry of the alkali metals is dominated by the loss of their outer ns electron to form cations. The Is electron configuration of hydrogen suggests that its chemistry should have some resemblance to that of the alkali metals. The chemistry of hydrogen is much richer and more complex than that of the alkali metals, however, mainly because the ionization energy of hydrogen, 1312 kj/mol, is more than double that of any of the alkali metals. As a result, hydrogen is a nonmetal that occurs as a colorless diatomic gas, H2( ), under most conditions. 

Although the electron configuration of hydrogen would seem to place the element in Group lA, its properties are quite different, and it seems best to consider the element as belonging in a group by itself. The element is a colorless gas composed of H2... 

The one electron of a hydrogen atom (H, Z = 1) occupies the lowest-energy orbital in any atom. Both Figures 11.12 and 11.13 show that this is the l5 orbital. The total number of electrons in any sublevel is shown by a superscript number. Therefore, the electron configuration of hydrogen is U (Fig. 11.14). Helium (He, Z = 2) has two electrons, and both fit into the s orbital. The helium configuration is l5. ... 

Let s start with the simplest hydrogen atom, which has one electron. This electron would occupy the Is orbital we say that the electron configuration of hydrogen atom is ls , meaning one electron in Is orbital. This electron can occupy other... 

We can represent the electron configuration of hydrogen (l ) in a slightly different way with an orbital diagram, which gives similar information but symbolizes the electron as an arrow and the orbital as a box. The orbital diagram for a hydrogen atom is ... 

A vexing puzzle m the early days of valence bond theory concerned the fact that methane is CH4 and that the four bonds to carbon are directed toward the corners of a tetrahedron Valence bond theory is based on the overlap of half filled orbitals of the connected atoms but with an electron configuration of s 2s 2p 2py carbon has only two half filled orbitals (Figure 2 8a) How can it have bonds to four hydrogens ... 

Despite its very simple electronic configuration (Is ) hydrogen can, paradoxically, exist in over 50 different forms most of which have been well characterized. This multiplicity of forms arises firstly from the existence of atomic, molecular and ionized species in the gas phase H, H2, H+, H , H2" ", H3+. .., H11 + secondly, from the existence of three isotopes, jH, jH(D) and jH(T), and correspondingly of D, D2, HD, DT, etc. and, finally, from the existence of nuclear spin isomers for the homonuclear diatomic species. 

As in the discussion of hydrogen, in this section we examine the properties of the alkali metals in the context of the periodic table and focus on significant applications of the elements and selected compounds. The valence electron configuration of the alkali metals is s1, where n is the period number. Their physical and chemical properties are dominated by the ease with which the single valence electron can be removed (Table 14.3). 

The shared electrons in the water molecule fill the outer energy shell of both hydrogen and oxygen. The electron configuration of the molecule, including the two shared electrons, is shown in Figure 7.1. 

The hybridized orbital approach is a simplified way of predicting the geometry of a molecule by mixing the valence orbitals of its atoms. For example, methane (CH ) is composed of a carbon atom with an electron configuration of Is 2s 2p. The hydrogen atom has an electron configuration of Is. The geometry of the methane... 

Give the electron configuration of oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and carbon. 

An effective way to determine the detailed electron configuration of any element is to use the periodic table to determine which subshell to fill next. Each s subshell holds a maximum of 2 electrons each p subshell holds a maximum of 6 electrons each d subshell holds a maximum of 10 electrons and each / subshell holds a maximum of 14 electrons (Table 17-5). These numbers match the numbers of elements in a given period in the various blocks. To get the electron configuration, start at hydrogen (atomic number = 1) and continue in order of atomic number, using the periodic table of Fig. 17-10. 

Since each hydrogen atom has two electrons and the oxygen atom has eight electrons, the octet rule is satisfied. In H +, the atom would have no electrons, which is not the electronic configuration of a noble gas. 

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